ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Occlusion is the most common complication of colon cancer. Surgical treatment is associated with the highest morbidity and mortality rate (10-27%) and has the worst prognosis. It is necessary for immediate management, avoiding colic perforation and peritonitis. The increase in mortality in emergency colon cancer surgery is multifactorial. AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for early postoperative mortality that highlights the therapeutic strategy in the management of obstructive colon cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients admitted from 2008 to 2020 at the Department of General Surgery due to obstructive colon cancer and operated on as an emergency (within 24 h of admission). RESULTS: In all, 118 patients with colon cancer were operated, and the early postoperative mortality was 10.2%. The univariate analysis highlighted that the American Society of Anesthesiology score III or IV, perforation tumor, one postoperative complication, and two simultaneous postoperative complications were considered significant risk factors for early postoperative mortality after emergent surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that only tumor perforation and the occurrence of two postoperative complications were significant risk factors. CONCLUSION: This study showed that postoperative complication is the leading cause of early postoperative mortality after emergency surgery for obstructive colon cancer. Optimizing the postoperative management of these higher risk patients is still necessary and may reduce the mortality rate.
Subject(s)
Colectomy , Colonic Neoplasms , Humans , Cohort Studies , Retrospective Studies , Colectomy/adverse effects , Colonic Neoplasms/complications , Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Risk Factors , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , MorbidityABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occlusion is the most common complication of colon cancer. Surgical treatment is associated with the highest morbidity and mortality rate (10-27%) and has the worst prognosis. It is necessary for immediate management, avoiding colic perforation and peritonitis. The increase in mortality in emergency colon cancer surgery is multifactorial. AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for early postoperative mortality that highlights the therapeutic strategy in the management of obstructive colon cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients admitted from 2008 to 2020 at the Department of General Surgery due to obstructive colon cancer and operated on as an emergency (within 24 h of admission). RESULTS: In all, 118 patients with colon cancer were operated, and the early postoperative mortality was 10.2%. The univariate analysis highlighted that the American Society of Anesthesiology score III or IV, perforation tumor, one postoperative complication, and two simultaneous postoperative complications were considered significant risk factors for early postoperative mortality after emergent surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that only tumor perforation and the occurrence of two postoperative complications were significant risk factors. CONCLUSION: This study showed that postoperative complication is the leading cause of early postoperative mortality after emergency surgery for obstructive colon cancer. Optimizing the postoperative management of these higher risk patients is still necessary and may reduce the mortality rate.
RESUMO RACIONAL: A oclusão é a complicação mais comum do câncer de cólon. A cirurgia está associada à elevada morbimortalidade (10-27%) e pior prognóstico. É necessário indicação imediata, evitando perfuração cólica e peritonite. O aumento da mortalidade na cirurgia de emergência do câncer de cólon é multifatorial. OBJETIVOS: Identificar os fatores de risco de mortalidade pós-operatória precoce que levaram a destacar a estratégia terapêutica no manejo do câncer de cólon obstrutivo. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo em pacientes admitidos no Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, entre 2008 e 2020, por câncer de cólon obstrutivo e operados de emergência (dentro de 24 horas da admissão). RESULTADOS: Foram operados 118 pacientes e a mortalidade pós-operatória precoce foi de 10,2%. A análise univariada destacou que escore American Society of Anesthesiology III ou IV, tumor perfurado, uma complicação pós-operatória e duas complicações pós-operatórias simultâneas foram considerados fatores de risco significativos de mortalidade pós-operatória precoce após cirurgia de emergência no câncer de cólon obstrutivo. Na análise multivariada, apenas a perfuração tumoral e a ocorrência de duas complicações médicas pós-operatórias foram fatores de risco significativos. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo mostrou que a complicação pós-operatória é a principal causa de mortalidade pós-operatória precoce após cirurgia de emergência de câncer de cólon obstrutivo. Otimizar o manejo pós-operatório desses pacientes de alto risco ainda é necessário e pode reduzir a taxa de mortalidade.