[Injuries of the urinary bladder: tactics and results of treatment]. / Travmaticheskie povrezhdeniia mochevogo puzyria: taktika i rezul'taty lecheniia.

A retrospective analysis of 87 cases of isolated traumas and multitraumas of the urinary bladder treated in 1986-2002 covered 69 men and 18 women aged 21-79 years. Young and middle-aged patients (20-50 year olds) prevailed. Isolated traumas of the bladder were diagnosed in 52 patients (4 extra- and 48 intraperitoneal trauma), 35 patients had multitraumas (7 extra- and 28 intraperitoneal trauma). Isolated traumas were most frequently caused by beating (79.4%), multitraumas--by road accidents (79.2%). Examination included catheterization of the bladder, ultrasonic investigation, x-ray contrast studies, laparocentesis, laparoscopy. Injury of the bladder combined with fractures of skeletal bones, craniocerebral trauma, abdominal injuries. Surgery was made in 86 cases, bladder drainage was made by cystostomy, transurethral drain was conducted in 17 patients. Bladder surgery was combined with abdominal operations in 14 patients. Three operations were delayed. Out of 87 patients 67 was cured. 20 (23%) patients died. Lethal outcomes were mostly due to progression of traumatic shock.

[Injuries of the urogenital system]. / Travmy organov mochepolovoi sistemy.

To analyse the results of treatment of isolated and concomitant urogenital injuries, a retrospective analysis was made of 608 case histories for patients treated in 1986-2000. Of them, 530 patients were males, 78 were females, the age ranged from 16 to 70 years, most of the patients were 20 to 50 (71.2%) years of age. Most frequently the injury was inflicted by beating. Fall from the height, transport accidents ranked second among the causes of injury (17 and 14.3%, respectively). Stab and gunshot injuries occurred in 4.4 and 8% cases, respectively. Ultrasound and x-ray methods were employed for examination. An isolated injury was found in 481 patients, the rest had urogenital injury and skeletal (53%), craniocerebral (25%), abdominal (20%) lesions. 29 patients had a severe concomitant wound: urogenital injury combined with abdominal, skeletal, cranial lesions. Surgery was performed in 267 patients. The rest patients received conservative treatment. Most of the operations were made on the kidney and urinary bladder because of rupture. In some patients these interventions were conducted during laparotomy and were combined with abdominal intervention (44 cases). 25 patients with the compound injury underwent 2-stage operations. 552 patients were cured. 56 (9.2%) lethal outcomes were due to progression of traumatic shock. This low percent of lethality may be explained by an optimal choice of treatment policy in the above patients.

[Results of treatment of isolated and combined trauma of urogenital system]. / Rezul'taty lecheniia izolirovannoi i sochetannoi travmy organov mochepolovoi systemy.

Retrospective analysis of treatment results of 608 patients with trauma of organs of urogenital system (UGS) was carried out. Beating was the cause of trauma in 55% cases, fall from height--in 17%, transport trauma--in 14.3%, knife wound--in 4.4%, gunshort wound--in 1.3%. Isolated trauma of UGS was in 481 (79.1%) patients. In other patients combined injury of UGS with injury of skeleton's bones (53), cranium and brain (25), abdominal organs (20) was diagnosed. In 29 patients severe combined trauma of UGS, abdominal organs, skeleton bones and cranium was seen. Surgeries were performed in 267 patients. Surgeries on kidney and urinary bladder due to their disruption predominated. In 44 patients these surgeries were combined with ones on abdominal organs. Surgery was performed in two stages in 25 patients with combined trauma of UGS and other organs. From 608 patients 552 (90.2%) cured. Lethal outcome was in 56 (9.2%) patients due to progressive traumatic shock.