[The evolution of adenoidectomy].

The critical analysis of publications concerning methods designed for the surgical treatment of adenoids is presented. Various surgical techniques are considered with special reference to their indications for use, invasiveness, effectiveness, and safety. Recent developments in this field give evidence that evolution of adenoidectomy brought about highly efficacious (up to 99%) mini-invasive and safe surgical procedures producing the minimal risk of relapses and postoperative complications. All these advancements became possible due to the introduction of endoscopic intraoperative control, general anesthesia, and the use of modern surgical instruments. Modern approaches make unnecessary radical removal of the lymphoid tissue.

[The clinical effectiveness of the antiseptic treatment of the operative field for endoscopic adenotomy].

The objective of the present controlled randomized study was to estimate the clinical effectiveness of the antiseptic treatment of the operative field for endoscopic adenotomy. It is based on the results of the examination and treatment of 202 children at the age varying from 4 to 10 years admitted with the diagnosis of adenoids for the planned surgical intervention between 2010 and 2012. The results of the study indicate that postoperative objective and subjective symptoms of the disease were significantly less pronounced in the case of the preoperative treatment of the operative field than without it. Specifically, statistically significant reduction in the severity of postoperative reactive inflammation was documented. Double antiseptic washing of the nasopharynx caused neither complications nor undesirable adverse reactions and significantly reduced the requirements for systemic antibacterial preparations and anesthetics. It is concluded that the preoperative antiseptic treatment of the operative field for endoscopic adenotomy is a safe and effective procedure that can be recommended for a wider clinical application.

[Nasal respiratory function in acute trauma as shown by anterior active rhinomanometry].

Anterior active rhinomanometry (AARM) was used for objective investigation of nasal respiration in patients with nasal bone fractures. Twenty one patients with nasal septum deformation have undergone reconstructive septorhinoplasty in acute trauma, 33 patients -- standard nasal bone reposition. AARM proved its efficacy as a simple and convenient method of nasal obstruction assessment in acute trauma and can be successfully applied for determination of therapeutic policy and control of surgical intervention. Most patients with nasal bone fracture had preoperative low total volume flow and elevated nasal resistance. Nasal septum curvature and deformation of external nose structures are of importance in development of the pathology. One-stage reconstruction of the nasal septum and pyramid in acute trauma brings about significantly better long-term functional results compared to conventional closed nasal bone reposition.

[Epidemiological aspects of nasal bones fractures in an industrial city today].

Contemporary epidemiological situation in relation to nasal bone fractures is characterized by a noticeable rise in the incidence rate in population (26.1 to 36.9 per 100,000 according to hospital statistics in an industrial city, and 57 to 61 per 100,000 according to statistics of outpatient clinics) and ENT morbidity (6.3 to 10.1% among inpatients); by stabilization of this incidence rate for the last 3 years and the trend to a decrease in the number of inpatients with nasal bone fractures. However, a high level of traumatism dictates the necessity of perfection of the system of the diagnosis and medical care for patients with nasal bone fractures.