ABSTRACT
Methylene green is a versatile dye that can be used in a wide range of technical applications, most of which require the dye to be pure. Because commercial lots of methylene green are known to be heterogeneous, we report a thin layer chromatographic method for checking purity. We also describe a simple and effective flash chromatographic purification procedure for subsequent purification. The identity and purity of the dye can be checked easily using UV-visible absorption spectrum measurements or by more sophisticated procedures if necessary.
Subject(s)
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/methods , Methylene Blue/analogs & derivatives , Chromatography, Thin Layer/economics , Methylene Blue/chemistry , Methylene Blue/isolation & purification , Molecular Structure , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) are frequently associated with the oxidative mechanisms involved in physiological states as ageing and with serious pathological conditions. In the present work the physiological and the CCl4-induced lipid hydroperoxides levels in mice liver and kidney were determined. The analysis of LOOH tissue levels was performed through the oxidation of 1-napthyldiphenylphosphine (NDPP) into its oxide (ONDPP) and further quantification by high pressure liquid chromatography at 292 nm UV detection. The physiological level of lipid hydroperoxides levels was higher in the kidney (245 +/- 8 nmol LOOH/g of tissue) than in liver (164 +/- 5 nmol of LOOH/g tissue). After a single administration of CCl4 (0.25 ml/g) tissue LOOH reached a maximum level after 15 min (416 +/- 21 nmol/g kidney and 303 +/- 6 nmol/g liver) and then slowly decreased. LOOH levels in liver afforded an early indicator (15 min) of oxidative damage. LOOH levels in kidney remained significatively increased up to 60 min post administration. The described HPLC assay is a useful, simple and sensitive method to detect cellular oxidative stress and damage.
Subject(s)
Carbon Tetrachloride/pharmacology , Kidney/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Animals , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Female , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) are frequently associated with the oxidative mechanisms involved in physiological states as ageing and with serious pathological conditions. In the present work the physiological and the CCl4-induced lipid hydroperoxides levels in mice liver and kidney were determined. The analysis of LOOH tissue levels was performed through the oxidation of 1-napthyldiphenylphosphine (NDPP) into its oxide (ONDPP) and further quantification by high pressure liquid chromatography at 292 nm UV detection. The physiological level of lipid hydroperoxides levels was higher in the kidney (245 +/- 8 nmol LOOH/g of tissue) than in liver (164 +/- 5 nmol of LOOH/g tissue). After a single administration of CCl4 (0.25 ml/g) tissue LOOH reached a maximum level after 15 min (416 +/- 21 nmol/g kidney and 303 +/- 6 nmol/g liver) and then slowly decreased. LOOH levels in liver afforded an early indicator (15 min) of oxidative damage. LOOH levels in kidney remained significatively increased up to 60 min post administration. The described HPLC assay is a useful, simple and sensitive method to detect cellular oxidative stress and damage.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOVT , Carbon Tetrachloride/pharmacology , Kidney/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) are frequently associated with the oxidative mechanisms involved in physiological states as ageing and with serious pathological conditions. In the present work the physiological and the CCl4-induced lipid hydroperoxides levels in mice liver and kidney were determined. The analysis of LOOH tissue levels was performed through the oxidation of 1-napthyldiphenylphosphine (NDPP) into its oxide (ONDPP) and further quantification by high pressure liquid chromatography at 292 nm UV detection. The physiological level of lipid hydroperoxides levels was higher in the kidney (245 +/- 8 nmol LOOH/g of tissue) than in liver (164 +/- 5 nmol of LOOH/g tissue). After a single administration of CCl4 (0.25 ml/g) tissue LOOH reached a maximum level after 15 min (416 +/- 21 nmol/g kidney and 303 +/- 6 nmol/g liver) and then slowly decreased. LOOH levels in liver afforded an early indicator (15 min) of oxidative damage. LOOH levels in kidney remained significatively increased up to 60 min post administration. The described HPLC assay is a useful, simple and sensitive method to detect cellular oxidative stress and damage.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Carbon Tetrachloride , Liver/metabolism , Kidney , Lipid Peroxidation , Oxidative Stress , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Liver/drug effects , Kidney , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) are frequently associated with the oxidative mechanisms involved in physiological states as ageing and with serious pathological conditions. In the present work the physiological and the CCl4-induced lipid hydroperoxides levels in mice liver and kidney were determined. The analysis of LOOH tissue levels was performed through the oxidation of 1-napthyldiphenylphosphine (NDPP) into its oxide (ONDPP) and further quantification by high pressure liquid chromatography at 292 nm UV detection. The physiological level of lipid hydroperoxides levels was higher in the kidney (245 +/- 8 nmol LOOH/g of tissue) than in liver (164 +/- 5 nmol of LOOH/g tissue). After a single administration of CCl4 (0.25 ml/g) tissue LOOH reached a maximum level after 15 min (416 +/- 21 nmol/g kidney and 303 +/- 6 nmol/g liver) and then slowly decreased. LOOH levels in liver afforded an early indicator (15 min) of oxidative damage. LOOH levels in kidney remained significatively increased up to 60 min post administration. The described HPLC assay is a useful, simple and sensitive method to detect cellular oxidative stress and damage.
