Pre-pregnancy body mass index has greater influence on newborn weight and perinatal outcome than weight control during pregnancy in obese women.

BACKGROUND: The pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain (GWG) are closely related to perinatal maternal and infant complications, but the relationship between pre-pregnancy weight and GWG and the pattern of interaction have not been reported. This study investigated the influence of weight control during pregnancy on the perinatal maternal and infant outcomes. METHODS: A total of 835 singleton pregnant women who were hospitalized between January 2018 and December 2018 were retrospectively included in this study and divided into two groups: the diet guidance (DG) group (n = 167) and the control group (n = 668). The pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), GWG, and perinatal outcomes of the women and infants were determined in two groups. RESULTS: The dietary modification and reasonable exercise during pregnancy effectively reduced the GWG, and even some women with pre-pregnancy obesity achieved weight loss during pregnancy. The GWG in the DG group was significantly lower than in the control group, especially in the second and third trimesters. GWG was positively related to birth weight. The birth weight in the DG group was significantly lower than in the control group when their mothers had similar GWG. In women with pre-pregnancy obesity, GWG seemed to be negatively related to birth weight. However, after adjusting the mean BMI, the pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were positively related to the birth weight. Compared with the control group, the incidences of dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, macrosomia, small for gestational age infants and neonatal complications significantly reduced in the DG group, and the preterm birth rate was comparable between two groups. Some women with pre-pregnancy obesity lose weight during pregnancy, but there was no premature birth or small for gestational age infant. The incidences of macrosomia, postpartum hemorrhage, dystocia, cesarean section and gestational diabetes increased significantly with the increase of pre-pregnancy BMI. CONCLUSION: For women with increased pre-pregnancy BMI, strict weight control is required to reduce obesity-related complications of the mother and infant. The weight control in the second and third trimesters is especially important and most likely to prevent GWG. Compared with GWG, pre-pregnancy BMI has greater influence on the birth weight and maternal and infant complications, and may even compromise the benefits of weight control during pregnancy. Thus, weight control is recommended before pregnancy.

Identification and integrated analysis of lncRNAs and miRNAs in IPEC-J2 cells provide novel insight into the regulation of the innate immune response by PDCoV infection.

BACKGROUND: Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are pivotal regulators involved in the pathogenic mechanism of multiple coronaviruses. Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) has evolved multiple strategies to escape the innate immune response of host cells, but whether ncRNAs are involved in this process during PDCoV infection is still unknown. RESULTS: In this study, the expression profiles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs in IPEC-J2 cells infected with PDCoV at 0, 12 and 24 hours postinfection (hpi) were identified through small RNA and RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened from the comparison group of IPEC-J2 cells at 0 and 12 hpi as well as the comparison group of IPEC-J2 cells at 12 and 24 hpi. The target genes of these DEncRNAs were predicted. The bioinformatics analysis of the target genes revealed multiple significantly enriched functions and pathways. Among them, the genes that were associated with innate immunity were specifically screened. The expression of innate immunity-related ncRNAs and mRNAs was validated by RT-qPCR. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks among innate immunity-related ncRNAs and their target mRNAs were established. Moreover, we found that the replication of PDCoV was significantly inhibited by two innate immunity-related miRNAs, ssc-miR-30c-3p and ssc-miR-374b-3p, in IPEC-J2 cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a data platform to conduct studies of the pathogenic mechanism of PDCoV from a new perspective and will be helpful for further elucidation of the functional role of ncRNAs involved in PDCoV escaping the innate immune response.

CD105 expression is associated with invasive capacity in ovarian cancer and promotes invasiveness by inhibiting NDRG1 and regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

This study investigates the association of CD105 (endoglin) with the invasiveness of paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer (OC) cells and explores the potential mechanism. A paclitaxel-resistant OC cell line OC3/TAX300, which expresses the stem cell marker CD105 and has a high invasive potential, was established in our previous study. After CD105 knockdown using CD105 siRNA, the invasiveness of the OC cells was decreased, and the chemo-resistance was reversed, but the CD105 overexpression was related to the poor survival of the primary OC patients. The differentially expressed genes were investigated in the OC cells after the CD105 knockdown. The results showed that, in the CD105-siRNA transfected cells, the expressions of some genes (such as KIAA0125, SSTR5-AS1, CDH18, MIAT, NDRG1, E-cadherin, DUSP1, MAL, MYC, and JAK3) were significantly upregulated, but the expressions of other genes (such as PRKAR2B, KLK10, DDX17, and lncRNA SNHG7) were markedly downregulated. Several genes, such as NDRG1 and E-cadherin, are known to be related to cancer metastasis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A KEGG analysis found that 264 signaling pathways changed after the CD105 knockdown, of which 27 signaling pathways showed significant enrichment. Our results show that CD105 is related to the metastasis of OC and may promote the EMT of OC by inhibiting NDRG1 and E-cadherin. MYC, JAK3, and IKBKB mediate the CD105-induced metastasis of OC via the MAPK/PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in the OC cells. Therefore, inhibiting the CD105 expression may be useful for treating OC.

Epidemiology of Porcine Pseudorabies from 2010 to 2018 in Tianjin, China.

Pseudorabies (PR), the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease, has rapidly increased in recent years and has caused significant economic losses. To understand the seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of PR in Tianjin, China, a total of 23,627 blood and 1,093 tissue samples were collected from 228 pig farms during January 2010 to December 2018. The Pseudorabies virus (PRV) glycoprotein E (gE) antibody was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and wild-type PRV (WT PRV) was detected by gE-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were observed in tissue samples. The results showed that 46.70% of the serum samples and 49.76% of pig farms were seropositive for PRV gE antibody based on the ELISA results, and 13.54% of the tissue samples were positive for WT PRV detected by PCR. The positive rate of serum samples increased rapidly after 2011 and reached 62.40% in 2013. Although it gradually decreased from 2014 to 2018, the positive rate of serum samples remained at a high level. The positive rate of pig farms showed the same trend. Moreover, after 2011, the detection rate of WT PRV was increased rapidly and was significantly higher than in 2010 and 2011. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were observed in various tissues during histopathological examination. Based on univariate analysis, the increased risk of seropositivity was associated with the immune status and infection in sows and fattening pigs. These findings demonstrate that PR was prevalent in the region of Tianjin, China. These epidemiological data can assist in the control of PR.