[High level systolic blood pressure trajectories is the risk factor for cancer].

Objective: To explore the effect of systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories on cancers. Methods: The relevant data of 54, 888 employees of Kailuan (Group) Limited Liability Company who participated in the 3 health examinations from 2006-2007, 2008-2009, 2010-2011 were collected and the new onset cancer cases were recorded. The systolic blood pressure trajectory grouping was carried out using the blood pressure measurement values of the 3 physical examinations. The life table method was used to calculate the incidence of cancer, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influence factors of cancer. Results: According to the systolic blood pressure trajectory, 54, 888 subjects were divided into 5 groups, including 14, 326 in the low-stable group, 25, 630 in the moderate-stable group, 5, 390 in the moderate-increasing group, 6, 438 in the elevated-lowering group, and 3, 104 in the elevated-stable group. A total of 1, 070 new onset cancer occurred during the follow-up period of (4.95±0.53) years. The incidence of cancer in the low-stable group, moderate-stable group, moderate-increasing group, elevated-lowering group and elevated-stable group were 1.3% (177/14, 326), 2.2% (491/25, 360), 3.1% (147/5, 390), 2.7% (156/6, 438) and 3.8% (99/3, 104), respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). After adjusting for gender, age, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the systolic blood pressure trajectory was related to the incidence of cancer. Compared with the low-stable group, the Hazard ratio (HR) in the moderate-stable group, moderate-increasing group, elevated-lowering group and elevated-stable group were 1.413, 1.731, 1.557 and 1.907, respectively (all P<0.001). Conclusion: High systolic blood pressure trajectories is the risk factor for cancer.

[Investigation of laryngopharyngeal reflux prevalence and risk factors in otolaryngology].

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of laryngopharyngeal reflux in otolaryngology. Method:During January 2019 to March 2019, the inpatients in otolaryngology were investigated by the questionnaire of reflux symptom index scale and the laryngopharyngeal reflux related risk factors were analyzed. Result:Among the 227 patients, 33 patients with suspected LPR contained 19 patients（20.7%） of 92 patients in the laryngopharyngeal group, 10 patients（16.1%） of 62 patients in the nasal group, and 4 patients（5.5%） of 73 patients in the ear group. LPR prevalence in the laryngopharyngeal group was statistically different from that in the ear group（P<0.05）. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, smoking, drinking and BMI were risk factors of LPR（P<0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI was an independent risk factor of LPR（P<0.01）. Conclusion:LPR had a high prevalence rate in otolaryngology related diseases, and appropriate synergistic anti-LPR treatment could be carried out while treating otolaryngology related diseases.

[Association between sleep duration and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity].

Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Methods: A cross-sectional study method was used to observe 38 604 employees of Kailuan Group who participated in the physical examination and the baPWV test from January 2010 to July 2018. The age was (51.6±11.1) years old. There were 72.4% (27 955/38 604) male participants. According to the sleep duration, subjects were divided into 5 groups including ≤ 5 hours group (3 762 cases),>5 hours and ≤6 hours group (9 585 cases),>6 hours and ≤7 hours group (12 604 cases), >7 hours and ≤8 hours group (11 921 cases) and >8 hours group (732 cases). Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between sleep duration and the baPWV. Results: The age was (51.6±11.1) years old. There were 72.4% (27 955/38 604) male participants. The prevalence of baPWV≥14 m/s in ≤ 5 hours group, >5 hours and ≤6 hours group, >6 hours and ≤7 hours group, >7 hours and ≤8 hours group, and >8 hours group was 63.5% (2 389/3 762), 58.9% (5 645/9 585), 55.0% (6 926/12 604), 53.3% (6 356/11 921) and 54.8% (401/732) respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors including age, gender, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, snoring, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, body mass index≥24 kg/m(2), mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and C-reactive protein, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the OR were 1.48 (95%CI 1.29-1.70, P<0.01) and 1.18 (95%CI 1.07-1.30, P<0.01) respectively for baPWV≥14 m/s in ≤ 5 hours and >5 hours and ≤6 hours group when compared with >7 hours and ≤ 8 hours group. Conclusion: Short sleep duration is associated with elevated baPWV in mid-aged Chinese population.

Cell cycle arrest effects of large-dose FTY720 on lymphocytes in mouse skin transplantation models.

To probe into the mechanism of immunosuppression of FTY720, the authors study the cell cycle arrest effects of large-dose FTY720 on lymphocytes in mouse skin transplantation models and the expression of cell cycle-related factors in cell cycle regulation system in mouse skin allograft models using flow cytometry, Immunohistochemical staining, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). FTY720 could prolong survival days of graft in mouse skin transplantation models obviously (p < 0.01). In thymus gland and lymph node, compared with the control group, cell percentage in G0-G1 increases and cell percentage in G2-M and S decreases in the treated group (p < 0.01). Expression of P16 increases and expression of cyclin D1 decreases in the treated group (p < 0.05). In thymus gland, it is shown by semiquantitative RT-PCR that the quantity of mRNA of P16 increases in the treated group (p < 0.01), and the quantity of mRNA of cyclin D1 decreases in the treated group (p < 0.01). FTY720 is a kind of effective immunosuppressant. FTY720 could induce cell cycle arrest in thymus gland and lymph node and change the expression of protein and the transcription of mRNA of cell cycle-related factor.

An alternative method for estimating efficacy of the AN1792 vaccine for Alzheimer disease.

BACKGROUND: In a randomized trial of AN1792 vaccine against A beta in Alzheimer disease (AD), only 20% of vaccine recipients had an anti-AN1792 antibody response. The trialists sought to estimate the efficacy of the vaccine among antibody responders by comparing outcomes among antibody responders in the vaccine group with outcomes among all placebo recipients. METHODS: We describe why the method used may be biased. An alternative approach to estimating efficacy is described that compares outcomes between responders in the vaccine group and potential responders in the placebo group. Although potential responders cannot be identified individually, the distribution of outcomes among them can be inferred indirectly, under certain assumptions. Three methods for assessing vaccine effects are compared using data on the ventricular volume boundary shift integral (BSI) from the AN1792 trial and in simulations. RESULTS: Mean (+/- standard error) increase in BSI relative to controls was 0.16 (+/-0.065) by intent-to-treat, 0.61 (+/-0.116) in the published comparison, and 0.81 (+/-0.320) in the proposed approach. Simulations show that the published method can often yield biased estimates, while the proposed method does not. CONCLUSIONS: Published results from the AN1792 trial may have underestimated the effect of vaccine on progression of cerebral atrophy among patients with an antibody response to the vaccine. For this and future similar trials, we suggest that intent-to-treat results always be reported, and that efficacy estimates be based on the proposed potential-outcomes method.

Electron microscopy of viral RNA: molecular weight determination of bacterial and animal virus RNAs.

A method for preparation of single-stranded RNA for electron microscopy determination of molecular weight is reported. The method uses treatment with formaldehyde at elevated temperatures to remove secondary structure and spreading in a protein monolayer from 50% formamide onto a 50% formamide hypophase. Molecular weights were determined for some bacterial and animal viruses, for which conflicting values had been reported earlier. Molecular weights determined by the method, using Escherichia coli large subunit rRNA for a standard (1.1 x 10(6)), are as follows: E. coli small subunit rRNA, 0.53 x 10(6); coliphage f2-RNA, 1.3 x 10(6); Qbeta-RNA, 1.55 x 10(6); and Newcastle disease virus RNA, 5.78 x 10(6).