ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most aggressive, heterogenous, and fatal types of human cancer for which screening, and more effective therapeutic drugs are urgently needed. Early-stage detection and treatment greatly improve the 5-year survival rate. In the era of targeted therapies for all types of cancer, a complete metabolomic profile is mandatory before neoadjuvant therapy to assign the correct drugs and check the response to the treatment given. The aim of this study is to discover specific metabolic biomarkers or a sequence of metabolomic indicators that possess precise diagnostic capabilities in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy. After searching the keywords, a total of 108 articles were identified during a timeframe of 10 years (2013-2023). Within this set, one article was excluded due to the use of non-English language. Six scientific papers were qualified for this investigation after eliminating all duplicates, publications not referring to the subject matter, open access restriction papers, and those not applicable to humans. Biomolecular analysis found a correlation between metabolomic analysis of colorectal cancer samples and poor progression-free survival rates. Biomarkers are instrumental in predicting a patient's response to specific treatments, guiding the selection of targeted therapies, and indicating resistance to certain drugs.
Subject(s)
Neoadjuvant Therapy , Rectal Neoplasms , Humans , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Biomarkers , Rectum , MetabolomicsABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent disease globally and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. As a consequence of multiple pathophysiologic changes which are associated with diabetes, these patients frequently suffer from foot-related disorders: infections, ulcerations, and gangrene. Approximately half of all amputations occur in diabetic individuals, usually as a complication of diabetic foot ulcers. In this retrospective study, we analyzed and characterized a cohort of 69 patients and their diabetes-related foot complications. The main characteristics of our cohort were as follows: older age at diagnosis (mean age 66); higher incidence of diabetes in males; predominantly urban patient population. The most frequent complications of the lower extremity were ulcerations and gangrene. Moreover, in our study, 35% of patients required surgical reintervention, and 27% suffered from complications, while 13% required ICU admission. However, diabetic foot lesions are preventable via simple interventions which pointedly reduce foot amputations. Early identification and the appropriate medical and surgical treatment of the complications associated with diabetic foot disease are important because they still remain common, complex and costly.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Foot , Male , Humans , Aged , Diabetic Foot/complications , Diabetic Foot/epidemiology , Diabetic Foot/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Gangrene/complications , Foot/pathology , Lower Extremity/surgeryABSTRACT
Double localization of tuberculosis is a rare finding among immunocompetent patients. Intestinal tuberculosis is a rare condition and its diagnosis remains a challenge to the physician. We present the case of a 21 year old male patient with intestinal tuberculosis in which the first manifestation was an acute appendicitis. Ultrasound findings were an abscessed appendicular mass. The surgical intervention found a granulomatous aspect of the peritoneum and total necrosis of the appendix. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis and the pulmonary radiography detected the concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis.
