Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery , Gastroscopy , Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Radiosurgery/adverse effects , Stomach Ulcer/etiology , Aged , Humans , Male , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Stomach/pathology , Stomach Ulcer/diagnosisABSTRACT
This paper presents synthesis approaches for synchronization and secure communications of chaotic systems by using fuzzy model-based design methods. Many well-known continuous and discrete chaotic systems can be exactly represented by T-S fuzzy models with only one premise variable. According to the applications on synchronization and signal modulation, the general fuzzy models may have either i) common bias terms; or ii) the same premise variable and driving signal. Then we propose two types of driving signals, namely, fuzzy driving signal and crisp driving signal, to deal with the asymptotical synchronization and secure communication problems for cases i) and ii), respectively. Based on these driving signals, the solutions are found by solving LMI problems. It is worthy to note that many well-known chaotic systems, such as Duffing system, Chua's circuit. Rassler's system, Lorenz system, Henon map, and Lozi map can achieve their applications on asymptotical synchronization and recovering messages in secure communication by using either the fuzzy driving signal or the crisp driving signal. Finally, several numerical simulations are shown to verify the results.
ABSTRACT
Haloperidol (HL) and reduced haloperidol (RH) plasma concentrations were measured in geriatric patients (n = 45) and schizophrenic patients (n = 8). In the elderly patients, HL doses were 1-4 mg/day while only 2 mg/day was used in the schizophrenics. At HL 2 mg/day dose in both age groups, mean plasma HL levels were approximately twice as high in the elderly patients compared to the schizophrenics (1.39 +/- 0.82 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.23 ng/ml, p < 0.02). RH plasma concentrations were almost 5 times greater in the elderly patients (0.54 +/- 0.35 vs. 0.09 +/- 0.05 ng/ml, p < 0.0001). These results suggest that HL plasma concentrations in the elderly are greater than in adult schizophrenic patients treated with similar HL doses.
