ABSTRACT
CO2 capture at low concentration by catalysts is potentially useful for developing photocatalytic and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction systems. We investigated the CO2-capturing abilities of two complexes, fac-Mn(X2bpy)(CO)3(OCH2CH2NR2) and fac-Re(X2bpy)(CO)3(OCH2CH2NR2) (X2bpy = 4,4'-X2-2,2-bipyridine and R = -CH2CH2OH), which work as efficient catalysts for CO2 reduction. Both complexes could efficiently capture CO2 even from Ar gas containing only low concentration of CO2 such as 1% to be converted into fac-M(X2bpy)(CO)3(OC(O)OCH2CH2NR2) (M = Mn and Re). These CO2-capturing reactions proceeded reversibly and their equilibrium constants were >1000. The substituents of X2bpy strongly affected the CO2-capturing abilities of both Mn and Re complexes. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation could be used to estimate the CO2-capturing abilities of the metal complexes in the presence of triethanolamine.
ABSTRACT
We developed a temporally coded exposure (TeCE) camera that can cope with high-speed focus variations of a tunable acoustic gradient index (TAG) lens. The TeCE camera can execute a very short exposure multiple times at an arbitrary timing during one shot. Furthermore, by accumulating the photoelectrons generated by each exposure, it is possible to maintain the brightness even with a short exposure time. By synchronously driving the TeCE camera and the TAG lens, different focal planes of an observation target can be acquired at high speed. As a result, high-speed three-dimensional measurement becomes possible, and this can be used for feedback of three-dimensional information. In the work described in this paper, we conducted a focus tracking experiment to evaluate the feedback performance of the TeCE camera. From the experimental results, we confirmed the feedback capability of the TeCE camera.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The ASSR is used widely as an objective measurement of hearing in clinical settings because of its high frequency specificity. The recruitment phenomenon is generally detected using subjective evaluations which require direct communication with the patient. If the recruitment phenomenon can be detected with ASSR, it would facilitate diagnosis in patients with developmental disorders and infants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined 2 groups of subjects: 10 subjects with unilateral hearing impairment in whom the recruitment phenomenon was detected by the alternate binaural loudness balance test and 12 normal subjects. We compared the relationships between the ASSR response and the stimulus sound pressure level in the 2 groups using the 80-Hz ASSR. RESULTS: The amplitude of ASSR was significantly higher in the impaired ear in hearing-impaired subjects compared to a normal ear in normal subjects. The latency of ASSR was significantly shorter in the impaired ear in hearing-impaired subjects than in the normal ear in the normal subjects. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the recruitment phenomenon caused the higher amplitude and the shorter latency observed in hearing-impaired subjects in the 80-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) in comparison with normal subjects.
Subject(s)
Electroencephalography/methods , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Unilateral/physiopathology , Recruitment Detection, Audiologic/methods , Sleep , Adult , Aged , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Case-Control Studies , Ear, Inner/physiopathology , Female , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Unilateral/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
A novel and efficient method for the Cr(II)-mediated desulfonylation of α-sulfonyl ketone by a Cr-ligand-Mn system has been developed during the course of process research on Halaven (eribulin mesylate). This reaction is dramatically accelerated in the presence of an appropriate bipyridyl-type ligand. This system is applicable to reduction of α-sulfur-substituted ketones. In addition, a Cr-Cp2ZrCl2-Mn catalytic system is also applicable to desulfonylation of α-sulfonyl ketone.
Subject(s)
2,2'-Dipyridyl/chemistry , Chromium/chemistry , Furans/chemistry , Ketones/chemistry , Sulfhydryl Compounds/chemistry , Catalysis , Ligands , Manganese/chemistry , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
A novel fluid power actuator called Flat Ring Tube (FRT) is introduced in this paper. The mechanism of FRT is so simple that it only needs a urethane flat tube and water pressure power source. No valves or switches are required. Applying constant water pressure results in periodic oscillation of the tube. The frequency is proportional to the flow rate of water and inversely proportional to the tube length. By contacting the tube with a passively supported shaft, it rotates due to the periodic tube oscillation. This principle can also generate the linear driving force, when FRT is mounted so as to kick the ground. Such kind of performance can be also expected to stimulate the blood flow rate, when FRT touches on the skin of the human body appropriately. The experimental results showed us the developed wearable massage device could effectively improve both the circulation of the blood flow and the density of oxygen in blood, which resulted in let the people feel more comfortable than conventional massage devices.
