Subject(s)
Chickenpox/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Sentinel Surveillance , Australia/epidemiology , Chickenpox/diagnosis , Disease Notification/statistics & numerical data , Gastroenteritis/diagnosis , Herpes Zoster/diagnosis , Humans , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Picornaviridae Infections/diagnosis , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Research ReportSubject(s)
Chickenpox/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Australia/epidemiology , Disease Notification/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Sentinel SurveillanceSubject(s)
Chickenpox/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Australia/epidemiology , Chickenpox/virology , Herpes Zoster/virology , Herpesvirus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza B virus/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/virology , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Sentinel SurveillanceSubject(s)
Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Office Visits/statistics & numerical data , Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Respirovirus Infections/epidemiology , Australia/epidemiology , Herpes Zoster/diagnosis , Herpes Zoster/virology , Herpesvirus 3, Human/classification , Herpesvirus 3, Human/genetics , Herpesvirus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza B virus/classification , Influenza B virus/genetics , Influenza B virus/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Influenza, Human/virology , Nasal Mucosa/virology , Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/classification , Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/genetics , Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/isolation & purification , Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human/classification , Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human/genetics , Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human/isolation & purification , Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human/classification , Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human/genetics , Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Picornaviridae Infections/diagnosis , Picornaviridae Infections/virology , Respirovirus Infections/diagnosis , Respirovirus Infections/virology , Rhinovirus/classification , Rhinovirus/genetics , Rhinovirus/isolation & purification , Sentinel SurveillanceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To estimate influenza vaccine coverage and effectiveness against medically attended laboratory-confirmed influenza for the 2012 season. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Test-negative design involving patients recruited as part of the Australian Sentinel Practices Research Network, a network of sentinel general practitioners throughout Australia. Throughout 2012, at the discretion of the GP at one of 102 participating practices, patients presenting with influenza-like illness were swabbed and included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimated as (1-OR)*100% by logistic regression. RESULTS: 1775 patients were swabbed. The epidemic period was identified as Weeks 10 to 43 of 2012. After exclusions, there were 1414 patients for the VE analysis, including 593 (42%) who tested influenza-positive and 821 who tested negative. 27% of test-negative patients were vaccinated, of whom most were aged 50 years and over. The overall VE, adjusted for age group, month of presentation and state or territory, was 23% (95% CI, -4% to 43%) against all influenza types, 15% (95% CI, -17% to 38%) against influenza A, 13% (95% CI, -20% to 36%) against influenza A(not H1) and 53% (95% CI, 5% to 77%) against influenza B. CONCLUSION: Vaccination against influenza was modestly protective, reducing the risk of medical presentation with influenza by around 23%.
