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1.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 39(1): 1-7, jan.mar.2024. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552825

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O nariz apresenta grande importância estética e funcional, com alta incidência de lesões malignas. Existem várias técnicas de reconstrução do terço distal do nariz, não havendo uma indicação universal; irá depender das características da lesão. As opções cirúrgicas variam entre enxerto de pele, retalhos locais, regionais e microcirúrgicos. O objetivo é apresentar uma série de casos de reconstrução de terço distal do nariz com diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas, discutindo as peculiaridades e os resultados obtidos. Método: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo realizado no Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (HSPE), avaliando uma série de oito pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer de pele não melanoma localizados em terço distal de nariz e que foram submetidos a reconstrução pela equipe de Cirurgia Plástica. Resultados: Foram obtidos resultados satisfatórios para todos os pacientes submetidos a reconstrução distal do nariz, tendo sido utilizadas técnicas de enxerto de pele total (n=1) e retalhos locais (n=7), tais como o retalho bilobado, nasogeniano, dorsal do nariz, frontal paramediano, e transposição nasolabial. Conclusão: A reconstrução de defeitos do terço distal do nariz é desafiadora e com grande variabilidade técnica. Deve-se realizar avaliação criteriosa do paciente e da lesão, avaliar riscos e benefícios e compartilhar a decisão com o paciente.


Introduction: The nose has great aesthetic and functional importance, with a high incidence of malignant lesions. There are several techniques for reconstructing the distal third of the nose, but there is no universal indication; will depend on the characteristics of the injury. Surgical options vary between skin grafts and local, regional, and microsurgical flaps. The objective is to present a series of cases of reconstruction of the distal third of the nose using different surgical techniques, discussing the peculiarities and the results obtained. Method: This is a retrospective study carried out at the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (HSPE), evaluating a series of eight patients diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer located in the distal third of the nose and who underwent reconstruction by the team of Plastic Surgery. Results: Satisfactory results were obtained for all patients undergoing distal nose reconstruction, using total skin graft techniques (n=1) and local flaps (n=7), such as the bilobed, nasolabial, and dorsal nose flap. nose, paramedian frontal, and nasolabial transposition. Conclusion: Reconstruction of defects in the distal third of the nose is challenging and involves great technical variability. A careful assessment of the patient and the injury must be carried out, risks and benefits assessed and the decision shared with the patient.

2.
Breast Dis ; 42(1): 229-232, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37522191

ABSTRACT

Thoracoabdominal (TA) flaps are a good option for primary closure of small and medium defects after mastectomy for locally advanced breast tumours. Although they have a higher rate of necrosis than myocutaneous flaps, they can be easily performed by breast surgeons. Few studies on this procedure have been reported, and we have been unable to identify any prior publications reporting breast reconstruction with TA flaps.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Mammaplasty , Myocutaneous Flap , Humans , Female , Mastectomy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Mammaplasty/methods , Myocutaneous Flap/pathology , Myocutaneous Flap/surgery , Necrosis/surgery
3.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 37(3): 378-383, jul.set.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398779

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O retalho em hélice, ou propeller flap, é um tipo de retalho local baseado em vasos perfurantes. Apresenta diversas vantagens, como a reconstrução de tecidos semelhantes ao original, menor morbidade da área doadora, manutenção dos principais vasos da região e a possibilidade de amplo arco de rotação (até 180º). Entretanto, está sujeito a complicações, sendo a mais preocupante a necrose parcial ou total do retalho. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de uma série de três casos de sequelas de trauma em membros inferiores tratados com retalho em hélice. Resultados: Retalhos em hélice reduzem o tempo cirúrgico, dias de internação e custos. Todavia, não são isentos de complicações, encontra-se a ocorrência de necrose parcial de 10,5 a 11% e total de 1 a 5%. Outras complicações descritas são epidermólise (3,5%) e congestão venosa transitória (3%). Nos casos descritos, evoluíram sem complicações. Classicamente, os defeitos de membro inferior, principalmente no terço distal, têm indicação de reconstrução com retalhos microcirúrgicos. Conclusão: Os retalhos propeller podem ser uma alternativa nestes casos, principalmente em defeitos pequenos e moderados. Ainda não existem trabalhos comparando diretamente estas duas técnicas, mas algumas informações importantes já estão disponíveis, como a semelhança entre os percentuais de necrose total entre as técnicas.


Introduction: The propeller flap is a type of local flap based on perforating vessels. It has several advantages, such as the reconstruction of tissues similar to the original, less morbidity of the donor area, maintenance of the main vessels of the region and the possibility of a wide rotation arc (up to 180º). However, it is subject to complications, the most worrisome being partial or total necrosis of the flap. Methods: A retrospective study of a series of three cases of lower limb trauma sequelae treated with helix flaps. Results: Helical flaps reduce surgical time, hospitalization days, and costs. However, they are not free of complications, with partial necrosis occurring in 10.5 to 11% and total necrosis in 1 to 5%. Other complications described are epidermolysis (3.5%) and transient venous congestion (3%). In the cases described, they evolved without complications. Classically, lower limb defects, especially in the distal third, are indicated for reconstruction with microsurgical flaps. Conclusion: Propeller flaps may be an alternative in these cases, especially in small and moderate defects. There are still no studies directly comparing these two techniques, but some valuable information is already available, such as the similarity between the percentages of total necrosis between the techniques.

4.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open ; 10(2): e4133, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35223342

ABSTRACT

Locally advanced ulcerated breast neoplasm is a condition that frequently occurs in developing countries. Generally, it is centrally localized and submitted to neoadjuvant therapy; thereafter, upon disappearance of the ulceration, it is submitted to radical mastectomy. Presence of axillary infiltration and ulceration with incomplete response makes it necessary for the use of surgical flaps for skin closure. We report a case in which primary reconstructive surgical procedure and skin closure was necessary, where we used double myocutaneous flaps-the latissimus dorsi and VRAM (vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous) flap. We discussed treatment of the ulcerated lesions, possible surgical solutions, and the conditions associated with the use of double flaps. For primary closure of extensive areas, double myocutaneous flaps can be used as a solution in cases where skin grafts or surgical microsurgical flaps are not able to serve as a surgical solution. Myocutaneous flaps are associated with lower rates of complication, allowing for rapid recovery without increasing the time necessary before the next adjuvant therapy.

5.
Ann Surg Oncol ; 28(6): 3356-3364, 2021 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33063264

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Locally advanced breast tumors (LABT) are situations of difficult resolution in clinical practice. External oblique myocutaneous flap (EOMF) is an option, but there are few studies in the literature on its use. METHODS: This was a retrospective, cohort institutional study of patients with LABT who were undergoing mastectomy combined with the use of modified-EOMF (M-EOMF). Preoperative indications and conditions, factors associated with surgery, time to radiotherapy, local recurrence, and survival were assessed. A systematic review of the literature also was performed to evaluate the use of EOMF. RESULTS: Over the 10-year period, 17 patients underwent M-EOMF closure. The mean duration of surgery was 251 min, and extensive skin area was resected (mean 468 ± 260 cm2). Four patients developed local recurrence. The actuarial survival at 36 months was 48.3%. Using PRISMA statement, among 115 articles evaluated from 3 databases, 8 articles were selected, in which 146 patients underwent EOMF. EOMF are associated with low postoperative complications with 8.9% skin necrosis. The M-EOMF allowed the resection of larger areas than other flaps described in the literature but is associated with skin necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: M-EOMF has the advantages of not requiring a change in the patient's position for the closure of large areas. It is thus an acceptable option for chest wall reconstruction in tumors at the limit of resectability.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Mammaplasty , Myocutaneous Flap , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , Mastectomy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Retrospective Studies
7.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 35(4): 408-411, out.dez.2020. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367917

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A transposição de veia cefálica é uma alternativa interessante como veia doadora na reconstrução oncológica de cabeça e pescoço em pacientes com história de radioterapia cervical. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar as características anatômicas da veia cefálica em cadáveres. Métodos: Foram dissecadas seis veias cefálicas de três cadáveres. As veias foram seccionadas na parte medial do braço e transpostas até o pescoço por cima das clavículas. Resultados: As veias apresentaram média de comprimento de 18,75±1,84cm e número de tributárias com variação de 7-9. O diâmetro coincidiu em ambas as veias de cada cadáver. O parâmetro anatômico usado para identificálas (sulco deltopeitoral) se mostrou confiável, possibilitando uma dissecação previsível. Conclusão: A veia cefálica tem características constantes e fácil localização, sendo uma opção relevante ao arsenal terapêutico do cirurgião plástico reconstrutor.


Introduction: Cephalic vein transposition is an interesting alternative as a donor vein in head and neck cancer reconstruction in patients with a cervical radiotherapy history. This work aims to evaluate the cephalic vein anatomical characteristics in cadavers. Methods: Six cephalic veins from three cadavers were dissected. The veins were sectioned in the medial part of the arm and transposed to the neck over the clavicles. Results: The veins had an average length of 18.75 ± 1.84 cm and several tributaries with a variation of 7-9. The diameter coincided in both veins of each corpse. The anatomical parameter used to identify them (deltopectoral groove) proved reliable, allowing predictable dissection. Conclusion: The cephalic vein has constant characteristics and is easy to locate, being an option relevant to the reconstructive plastic surgeon's therapeutic arsenal.

8.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(2): 182-189, 2015. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A reconstrução da mama imediata pós-mastectomia, com implante de silicone é um método simples, porém, pode evoluir com complicações e remoção do implante. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as complicações pós-operatórias e buscar relação entre estas e a remoção do implante. Método: No período de 4 anos, foram estudados retrospectivamente 323 casos de reconstrução de mama imediata com implante de silicone após mastectomia total realizados no Institut Gustave-Roussy, França. Resultados: A complicação mais frequente foi a linfocele (34,9%), seguida da necrose cutânea com 22,9%, da infecção com 19,3% e do hematoma, com 13,3% dos casos. A remoção do implante foi mais frequente quando ocorreu algum tipo de complicação cirúrgica e maior quando ocorreu mais de um tipo de complicação. A complicação mais frequente nos casos de remoção do implante foi a infecção (75,0%). O expansor foi o implante que mais teve relação com remoção do implante. O uso de implantes de volume acima de 300 ml teve significativamente mais risco de remoção do implante. Conclusões: 1) A presença de complicação pós-operatória foi fator de risco para a remoção do implante. 2) O risco de remoção foi maior na presença de mais de um tipo de complicação 3) A infecção foi o principal tipo de complicação que se relacionou com a remoção 4) O expansor apresentou maior risco de complicações e de remoção do implante. 5) A utilização de implantes de volume maior do que 300 ml apresentou maior risco de remoção.


Introduction: Immediate breast reconstruction with silicone implants following mastectomy is a simple method, but can develop complications culminating in implant removal. The aim of this study was to analyze postoperative complications and evaluate their correlation with implant removal. Method: In a period of 4 years, 323 cases of immediate breast reconstruction with silicone implants following total mastectomy were retrospectively studied in the Institut Gustave-Roussy, France. Results: The most frequent complication was lymphocele (34.9%), followed by cutaneous necrosis (22.9%), infection (19.3%), and hematoma (13.3%). Implant removal was more frequent when a surgical complication occurred, and even more frequent when there was more than one type of complication. The most frequent complication leading to implant removal was infection (75.0%). The expander was the implant that had the highest correlation with implant removal. The use of implants with a volume greater than 300 ml was associated with a significantly higher risk of implant removal. Conclusions: 1) The presence of postoperative complications was a risk factor for implant removal. 2) The risk of removal was higher when more than one complication was present. 3) Infection was the main type of complication associated with implant removal. 4) The expander presented a higher risk of complications and implant removal. 5) The use of implants with a volume greater than 300 ml had a greater risk of need for removal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Prostheses and Implants , Skin Neoplasms , Lymphocele , Retrospective Studies , Mammaplasty , Breast Implants , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Evaluation Study , Mammary Glands, Human , Necrosis , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects , Prostheses and Implants/standards , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Breast , Breast/surgery , Lymphocele/surgery , Lymphocele/complications , Lymphocele/pathology , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Mammaplasty/methods , Breast Implants/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Mammary Glands, Human/surgery , Necrosis/surgery , Necrosis/pathology
9.
Aesthetic Plast Surg ; 32(4): 645-52, 2008 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18443850

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There are multitudes of procedures in plastic surgery used to correct hypertrophic and pendulous breasts in patients with heavy and ptotic breasts who need great resections of breast tissue, where the suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance is long and the use of nipple-areola transposition techniques is a challenge for the plastic surgeon. The purpose of this study is to present a technique of reduction mammaplasty that could solve these problems based on the following principles: mammary reduction utilizing a thin superior medial pedicle (0.8-1.5 cm thick) and the resection performed in two steps: (1) the base excess at a plane perpendicular to the breast (this determines the cone's height) and (2) central half keel (this determines the breast diameter reduction). METHODS: Ninety patients with mammary hypertrophy were operated on at the "Hospital das Clínicas," São Paulo University Medical School, between January 2000 and November 2005. Inclusion in this study required a minimum of 12-cm change in nipple position and a 750-g breast resection. RESULTS: The mean change in nipple position was 16 cm (range = 12-21 cm). The mean weight of each breast was 1400 (range = 750-3000 g). Considering the great amount of volume removed and the size of the operated breasts, few complications were observed and were similar to those reported following other techniques described in the literature. Patient satisfaction following this procedure was high. CONCLUSION: The results of this study clearly demonstrate that thin superior medial pedicle reduction mammaplasty is a safe and reliable technique in cases of severe mammary hypertrophy.


Subject(s)
Breast/pathology , Mammaplasty/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Hypertrophy , Middle Aged , Nipples/pathology , Nipples/surgery
10.
São Paulo; s.n; 1998. 141 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-272197

ABSTRACT

A reconstrução da mama imediata pós mastectomia, com implante de silicone, é um método simples. Pode, porém, ser acompanhada de efeitos adversos e morbidade pósoperatória. Foram estudados retrospectivamente 323 casos de reconstrução de mama imediata com implante de silicone, após mastectomia total, com ou sem linfadenectomia axilar, realizados no Institut Gustave-Roussy - Villejuif - França, no período entre janeiro de 1990 a janeiro de 1992. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as complicações pós-operatórias e buscar relação entre as complicações pós-operatórias e a remoção do implante. Os métodos estatísticos utilizados foram o teste do Qui-quadrado, e o teste exato de Fisher quando ocorreram as restrições de Cochran. A complicação pós-operatória mais freqüente foi a linfocele, encontrada em 34,9 por cento das cirurgias, seguido da necrose cutânea com 22,9 por cento , da infecção com 19,3 por cento e do hematoma com 13,3 por cento dos casos. A remoção do implante foi mais freqüente, com significância estatística, quando ocorreu algum tipo de complicação cirúrgica (X2 = 48,428 *), e quando ocorreu mais de um tipo de complicação (p < O,OOOO I *). A complicação pós-operatória mais freqüente nos casos de remoção do implante foi a infecção (75,0 por cento ), com associação significante entre a presença de infecção e a remoção do implante (p < O,OOOO I *). O expansor foi o tipo de implante que mais teve relação com complicações pósoperatórias (p = O,002 por cento *) e remoção do implante (p = O,0164 *). O uso de implantes de volume acima de 300 ml apresentaram significativamente mais risco de remoção do implante que os implantes de volume até 300 MI (X2 = 4,287 *)


Subject(s)
Breast Implantation , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Silicones
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