ABSTRACT
Parathyroid incidentalomas are generally discovered during thyroid surgery.[1] In the present case, the ectopic parathyroid adenoma was discovered as an incidentaloma in a clinical setting, during the course of clinical evaluation of atypical chest pain by gastroenterology and cardiology.
ABSTRACT
A prospective study was conducted to study the splenic function among sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients in Qatif (Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia). Seventy-seven patients (30 children and 47 adults aged 2-57 years) were included. (99m)Tc stannous colloid liver-spleen scan was done for each patient during steady state. The splenic function was graded from 0 to 4 in relation to liver uptake. Seventy percent of our patients showed evidence of splenic hypofunction, and most of them (83%) had severe hyposplenism. Up to the age of 4 years, only 17% of the children showed evidence of functional hyposplenism, but by the age of 10 years >50% were hyposplenic. Most of the hyposplenic children had functional hyposplenism, whereas only one-third of hyposplenic adults had autosplenectomy. There was no effect of level of HbF on the frequency of hyposplenism, but on the other hand low MCV seems to be protective against hyposplenism. A significant number of adult SCA patients have clinically enlarged spleens, and almost a third have normally functioning spleens. Because of the low prevalence of hyposplenism in children younger than 4 years of age, routine penicillin prophylaxis is probably not indicated in this population, an issue which needs further evaluation.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology , Splenic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Splenic Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Clinical Trials as Topic , Comorbidity , Erythrocyte Indices , Female , Fetal Hemoglobin/metabolism , Hepatomegaly/diagnosis , Humans , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Mononuclear Phagocyte System/diagnostic imaging , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Radionuclide Imaging , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Sex Distribution , Spleen/diagnostic imaging , Splenic Diseases/diagnosis , Splenomegaly/diagnosis , Technetium Compounds , Tin FluoridesABSTRACT
Relative renal function is estimated by comparing the area under the second segment of the curve from the renal region of interest in a renographic study. We have examined the problems arising out of area normalization of the renal region of interest in the data analysis for relative renal function evaluation. Error analysis by computer simulation proves that this method of data analysis is highly misleading and erroneous.
