[An enterosorbent with trimethylaminoethanol chloride. 2. Hypolipidemic action and effect on cholesterol absorption in the intestine (experimental data)]. / Enterosorbent s immobilizovannym khloridom trimetilaminoéthanola. 2. Gipolipidemicheskoe deistvie i vliianie na vsasyvanie kholesterina v kishechnike (éksperimental'nye dannye).

Enterosorbent containing trimethyl aminoethanol chloride administered per os into rabbits accelerated the rate of experimental hypercholesterolemia regression. Moreover, this substance decreased 4-14C-cholesterol absorption in the rat intestine.

[Evaluation of various experimental dyslipoproteinemia models in the study of hypolipidemic agents]. / Otsenka nekotorykh modelei éksperimental'noi dislipoproteidemii pri izuchenii veshchestv gipolipidemicheskogo deistviia.

Models of experimental dyslipoproteinemias have been developed by using non-inbred rats (males and females) and guinea-pigs. Administration of cholesterol (C) with fats and supplementation of 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-thiouracil to male rats and that of C in the mixture of fats to guinea-pigs have been demonstrated to lead to the development of atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias. Genfibrozil, cholestyramine and vasosan II, a new pectin-enriched formulation, promoted normalization of the impaired serum lipoprotein spectrum caused by exogenous C administration. Bilateral ovariectomy in female rats induced atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia. The use of the estrogen derivative methyl ether of 6-oxa-D-homo-8-isoestrone normalized lipid and lipoprotein metabolic disturbances.

[Enterosorbent with immobilized trimethylaminoethanol chloride. I. Hypolipidemic properties]. / Enterosorbent s immobilizovannym khloridom trimetilaminoétanola. I. gipolipidemicheskie svoistva.

Hypolipidemic properties of the synthesized enterosorbent, water soluble polymer containing covalently immobilized trimethylamine ethanol chloride, were studied. Content of cholesterol in blood was decreased by 29% and accumulation of cholesterol in liver tissue--by 22% after oral administration of the enterosorbent at a dose of 250 mg/kg into rats with hypercholesterolemia. Cholestyramine exhibited the similar effect only at a dose of 2.5 g/kg. Except for the hypocholesterolemic effect, the enterosorbent altered also the lipoprotein spectrum in rat blood serum.

[The hypolipidemic action of water-soluble enterosorbents of cholesterol and bile acids in an experiment]. / Gipolipidemicheskoe deistvie vodorastvorimykh énterosorbentov kholesterina i zhelchnykh kislot v éksperimente.

Experiments on rats, guinea pigs and rabbits with experimental dyslipoproteinemia have revealed that the new water-soluble high-molecular weight polymers containing digitonin (ED) or a quaternary nitrogen atom (EA) have a more marked hypolipidemic action than cholestyramine and normalize lipoprotein metabolism. The digitonin-containing enterosorbent has been shown to decrease the absorption of 4-14C-cholesterol, while the nitrogen-containing enterosorbent diminishes the absorption of 3H-cholic acid.

[Experimental and clinical study of Vasosan P, a new form of pectin-enriched cholestyramine]. / Eksperimental'noe i klinicheskoe izuchenie vasozana P--novoi formy kholestiramina, obogashchennogo pektinom.

The bile acid sequestering agent Vasosan P is a new form of pectin-enriched cholestyramine (20%), saccharose (5%) and sorbic acid (0.18%). In comparison with cholestyramine Vasosan P has a more marked hypolipidemic effect in experiment. Vasosan P is remarkable for good organoleptic properties. It is effective in treating patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia and practically has no side effects as cholestyramine.

[The experimental effect of amino acids on lipid metabolic indices]. / Vliianie nekotorykh aminokislot na pokazateli lipidnogo obmena v éksperimente.

The action of amino acids prevalent in soy bean proteins, as compared to casein, on lipid metabolism was studied. Administration of aspartate to experimental hyperlipidemic rats produced a pronounced hypocholesterolemic effect and led to an increased alpha-cholesterol level. Addition of glycine, arginine and cysteine to aspartate raised the hypocholesterolemic effect. However, under these conditions the content of triglycerides in the liver as well as their levels in the blood serum of intact experimental animals were increased.

[The hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic action of absorbable and nonabsorbable substances in the intestines]. / Gipolipidemicheskoe i antiateroskleroticheskoe deistvie veshchestv, vsasyvaiushchikhsia i ne vsasyvaiushchikhsia v kishechnike.

Hypolipidemic effect of the polyphenol compound triophen possessing antihypoxic activity was demonstrated in chronic experiments on rabbits. It was also shown that a new derivative of methylxanthine, which does not penetrate the blood--brain barrier, produces a hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effect. Experiments on rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits with induced hyperlipidemia revealed a hypolipidemic effect of new complex compounds which are not absorbed in the intestine--steroid glycosides digitonin and tomatonin immobilized on a polymer. These substances resemble cholesteramine in activity but are distinguished by solubility, low toxicity, and a mechanism of action which is more physiological.

[Hypolipidemic effect of the new diprophylline derivative, [2-hydroxy-3-(theophylline-7-ol] propyl ester of 4-benzylhydroxybenzoic acid]. / Gipolipidemicheskoe deistvie novogo proizvodnogo diprofillina [2-gidroksi-3-(teofillin-7-il)] propilovogo éfira 4-benziloksibenzoinoi kisloty.

A new derivative of diprophylline--[2-hydroxy-3(theophylline-7-ol)] propyl ester 4-benzyloxybenzoic acid was shown to decrease the content of cholesterol and of atherogenic lipoproteins in blood serum of hyperlipidemic guinea pigs. In blood serum of rabbits the new substance studied decreased cholesterol, free fatty acids and malonic dialdehyde concentrations.

[Effect of the synthetic tetradecapeptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence of human somatotropin 31-44 on rat blood and liver lipids]. / Vliianie sinteticheskogo tetradekapeptida, sootvetstvuiushchego aminokislotnoi posledovatel'nosti 31-44 somatotropina cheloveka, na lipidy krovi i pecheni krys.

Although synthetic tetradecapeptide, involving the 31-44 amino acid sequence of human growth hormone, exhibited a distinct lipolytic effect, content of triglycerides was not increased in rat blood and liver tissue during chronic experiments. At the same time, the level of atherogenic lipoproteins as well as activities of postheparin lipase and liver triglyceride lipase were also unaltered. The data obtained suggest that the tetradecapeptide studied stimulated simultaneously both lipolysis and oxidation of free fatty acids.

[Specific binding of cholesterol by enterosorbents]. / Spetsificheskoe sviazyvanie kholesterina énterosorbentami.

Soluble polymers, modified by steroid glycosides digitonine or tomatonine (the "enterosorbents") bound cholesterol dissolved in alcohol. Rates of the binding depend on amount of the glycosides introduced into the sorbent. The digitonine or tomatonine enterosorbents decreased the cholesterol content in blood serum of hypercholesterolemic rats after per oral administration. At the same time, the enterosorbent containing digitonine decreased simultaneously both the content of liver tissue cholesterol and the content of atherogenic lipoproteins in rat blood serum.

[Effect of arginine on the lipid and lipoprotein content of animal blood]. / Vliianie arginina na soderzhanie lipidov i lipoproteidov v syvorotki krovi zhivotnykh.

Arginine decreased cholesterol and triglyceride content in blood sera of intact rats and inhibited the development of hyperlipidemia provoked by Triton WR-1339 injection. In rabbits pretreated with cholesterol arginine diminished the content of blood serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Introduction of arginine to intact and hyperlipidemic guinea pigs decreased the VLDL and increased the HDL level. Under influence of arginine electrophoretic zone of HDL apo A-1 was more pronounced and apo E zone became less distinct in hyperlipidemic guinea pigs.

[Participation of lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase in the redistribution of high density lipoprotein subfractions in the blood of newborn infants]. / Ob uchastii letsitin-kholesterin-atsiltransferazy v pereraspredelenii podfraktsii lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti v krovi novorozhdennykh.

Evidence was obtained in vitro for the participation of lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase in redistribution of subfractions of high density lipoproteins (HDLP) in blood plasma of newborn children. Content of some HDLP subfractions (HDLP 2c and HDLP 2b) was decreased and content of the other subfractions (HDLP 2a) was increased after incubation of blood plasma of the newborn children with lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase preparation purified 100-fold.

[HDL2c--a new subclass of high density lipoproteins in the plasma of newborns]. / LPVP2c--novyi podklass lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti v plazme krovi novorozhdennykh.

A new subclass of high density lipoproteins designated as HLD2c was found in the human blood plasma of newborn by analytic ultracentrifugation in the flotation rate interval Fo1,20 8.0--12.0. HDL2c was isolated from the total HDL fraction of newborn by preparative ultracentrifugation at the density 1.071.

[Comparative lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase deficiency in the blood of newborn infants. Comparison of the esterifying activity of neonatal and maternal blood]. / Sravnitel'naia nedostatochnost' letsitin-kholesterin-atsiltransferazy v krovi novorozhdennykh. Sopostavlenie ésterifitsiruiushchei aktivnosti plazmy krovi novorozhdennogo i materi-rozhenitsy.

On the basis of data obtained in studies on the accumulation of cholesterol in erythrocytes of newlorns, the hypothesis is advanced on the deficiency of lecithin-cholesterol-acetyl transferase (LCAT) in the newborn children. A decrease in the rate of the LCAT-reaction was shown in funic blood using the specially developed system "LP-infranatante", the constituents of which were isolated from blood plasma of both newborns and of their mothers by ultracentrifugation at a density 1.21 g/ml and 40.000 rpm. The following factors were considered as possible determinants of the decrease in the rate of cholesterol esterification in blood plasma of newborns: 1) insufficiency in LCAT, 2) alteration in the composition of the substrate lipoproteins (lipoproteins of high density).

[Comparison of lipoprotein spectrum and lipids in maternal blood and in umbilical cord blood of newborn infant].

Content of beta- and pre-beta-lipoprotein fractions, total cholesterol and triglycerides was distinctly lower in blood serum of infant than in maternal one. In serum of funicular blood content of free fatty acids was 2.5-fold higher than in maternal blood serum; in erythrocytes of infant content of cholesterol was found to be higher by 40%, as compared with maternal erythrocytes. In blood serum of infant content of free cholesterol amounted to 28% of the total cholesterol at the same time in maternal blood it was equal to 37%. The highest proportion of cholesterol was found in alpha-lipoproteins of infant, in mother it was observed in beta-lipoproteins. In blood of infant and mother the same types of lipoproteins were present but their quantitative ratio was different. The main lipoproteins of infant were shown to be alpha-lipoproteins. Relationship between the content of cholesterol in pre-beta-lipoproteins (correlation coefficient 0.64) was noted in blood of mother and infant.

[Effect of biologically active compounds on the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics]. / Vliianie biologicheski aktivnykh soedinenii na ustoichivost' bakterii k antibiotikam

A number of biologically active substances, i. e. main protamine proteins and histones, EDTA, lysozyme, methacyl and pentoxyl was studied with respect to their effect on the levels of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics against E. coli and Staph. aureus and transfer of resistence to chloramphenicol in E. coli on conjugation. It was shown that the above substances lowered the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics 2--10 times when added to the culture simultaneously with the latter. The results varied depending on the strain and the resistance nature. Marked inhibition of transfer of resistance to chloramphenicol in the presence of the main proteins and EDTA was found.