ABSTRACT
In this article, results of PET track-etched membranes (PET TeMs) hydrophobized by photo-induced graft polymerization of stearyl methacrylate (SM) inside the pores were presented. The effects of monomer concentration, time of irradiation and the nature of the solvent on the degree of grafting and membrane morphology were investigated. The PET TeMs with pore diameters ranging from 350 nm (pore density of 1 × 108 pore/cm2) to 3.05 µm (pore density of 1 × 106 pore/cm2) were hydrophobized and tested for oil-water separation by using hexadecane-water and chloroform-water emulsions. Studies have shown high separation performance for membranes (up to 1100 mL/m2·s) with large pore diameters while achieving a high degree of purification.
ABSTRACT
To evaluate toxicity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by using the reverse micelle formation method, the effects of nanoparticles on lipid peroxidation and morphological changes of cell membranes in human lymphocytes were studied. It was found that under the influence of nanoparticles a reduction in cell viability and formation of excessive levels of reactive oxygen species were observed. Silver nanoparticles at different concentrations activate the processes of lipid peroxidation and, as a consequence, led to morphological changes in human lymphocytes.
Subject(s)
Lipid Peroxidation , Lymphocytes/cytology , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Silver/chemistry , HumansABSTRACT
The effect of NO donors (sodium nitroprusside, S-nitrosoglutathione, dinitrosyl-iron complexes) on the functional and mechanical properties of human platelets and red blood cells has been investigated. It has been established by atomic force microscopy that NO donor-induced platelet disaggregation is accompanied by changes in the elastic properties of cells. It has been shown that, in the presence of NO donors, the detergent-induced hemolysis of red blood cells is delayed, and the elasticity modulus of these cells decreases. The results obtained indicate that NO donors regulate the structural and functional properties of platelets and red blood cells.
Subject(s)
Blood Platelets/metabolism , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology , Blood Platelets/ultrastructure , Detergents/pharmacology , Elasticity/drug effects , Erythrocytes/ultrastructure , Hemolysis/drug effects , Humans , Microscopy, Atomic Force/methodsABSTRACT
A model is proposed which describes the solubilization of a poorly soluble drug in the presence of an insoluble excipient which forms an easily soluble compound with the drug. For sulfathiazole-calcium carbonate system as an example, it is demonstrated using sulfathiazole single crystals and powdered samples that the presence of insoluble additive causes an increase in dissolution rate and solubility of the drug.
Subject(s)
Excipients , Solubility , Calcium Carbonate/administration & dosage , Powders , Sulfathiazole , Sulfathiazoles/chemistryABSTRACT
A new method of fixation of native synaptosomes and synaptosomal membranes from rat striatum was applied for their visualization by atomic-force microscopy. A scheme for examination of the surface of biological material was developed, which helps to distinguish intact synaptosomes from washed synaptic membranes and evaluate damage to synaptic membrane surface caused by ethanol (25 mM) and acetaldehyde (50 microM). The proposed method can be used for evaluation of the damaging effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on neurons.
