[Neopterine and ige during respiratory-syncytial virus infection in infants].

The number of studies confirms the correlation between IgE and neopterine levels. One of the forms of revelation of the immune answer of T-cells is the activation of T-cell system, that in its turn results in secretion of IL-2 and INF-gamma by Th-1 subtype cells. Activation of macrophages by INF-gamma the human organism. The target of our research was the evaluation of the role of the marker of macrophage activation -- neopterine in children with recurrent wheezing developed during onset of RSV infection and possible connection with IgE level. In the study 52 children of age from 1 to 12 months having RS-virus infection were included. Two groups were determined as controls -- group of healthy children and children with wheezing of non RSV etiology. Determination of neopterine was performed by enzyme immunoassay method (ELISA). During the RS-virus induced acute respiratory infection the rate of neopterine in the blood serum was significantly decreased in the group of patients with recurrent wheezing in comparison with the I group (first episode of wheezing). At the same time the significant difference between the group with wheezing of non -- RSV etiology and the control group was not observed. Decreasing of neopterin was significant in the II and III groups. IgE levels were elevated significantly in the second group of patients with recurrent wheezing. In this group negative correlation between neopterin and IgE was found.

[Effectiveness of treatment of bronchoobstruction in children with acute respiratory infections using home-made spacer].

A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer is the best way to deliver bronchodilator therapy for treatment of bronchoobstructive syndrome, especially in children. In developing countries, commercially produced spacers are generally unavailable or are too costly. Hence, a home-made spacer modified from a 500 ml plastic bottle, was compared with imported spacer (AeroChamber) in 80 children with spastic bronchitis. Clinical score, PEF and oximetry were recorded at baseline and 15 min after treatment. A beta-2- agonist (Ventolin) was given via MDI and two spacers (home-made and conventional spacers). PEF and oxygen saturation were significantly increased at 15 min after administration of the ventolin in both groups. No significant difference was observed between Aerochamber and the home-made spacer. In conclusion, ventolin delivered by MDI with AeroChamber was as effective in bronchodilatation as MDI with home-made spacer. The home-made spacer therefore offers a simple, inexpensive and effective method for delivering aerosol drug.

[INF-gamma during respiratory-syncytial induced obstructive respiratory syndrome in infection in children under one year of age].

Lately the connection of Asthma and RSV drew the sufficient attention. The recurrent wheezing developed during the RSV in children is particularly frequent in the families having history of atopy. The decreased expression of INFgamma may play the role in the pathogenesis of RSV infection. The target of our research was the study of the rate of INFgamma during various clinical courses of RSV-infection and definition of its role in the pathogenesis of ARVI. 52 children with RSV-associated wheezing have been studied, who had first (32) or recurrent episode (20) of bronchial obstruction and whose families had occurrence of atopy. 52 children with non RSV-associated wheezing (III group) and 10 healthy children up to 12 months of age (IV group) were considered as the control groups. Children from all four groups were from families with the history of atopy. INFgamma was measured by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Comparison of two groups of wheezing children with RSV infection showed significant reduction of INFgamma level in the group of children with recurrent wheezing vs. the group with first episode of wheezing. INFgamma levels were significantly higher in the two control groups. During the acute respiratory infection induced by RS-virus, which proceeds with the obstruction of respiratory tract (wheezing), reduction of INFgamma was noted and higher frequency of wheezing episodes is associated with more prominent alteration.

[The corrective action of antibodies in experimental intestinal dysbacteriosis]. / Korektiruiushchee deistvie antitel pri éksperimental'nom kishechnom disbakterioze.

As shown in this work, antisera obtained after the immunization of animals with vaccines, prepared from Salmonella minnesota strain R595 (Re mutant) or Escherichia coli O14 having enterobacterial common antigen (ECA), as well as human antisera with elevated titers of antibodies to Re glycolipid or to LPS O14 (ECA), inhibited the development of experimental intestinal dysbacteriosis in white mice, induced by the administration of ampyox in large doses. The degree of the inhibiting action of the antisera was proportional to antibody titers, which was indicative of the fact that antibodies possibly played some role in the regulation of the amount of intestinal microflora.

[Antiendotoxin immunity in experimental intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice]. / Sostoianie antiéndotoksinovogo immuniteta pri éksperimental'nom kishechnom disbakterioze u myshei.

The development of intestinal dysbacteriosis in white mice, caused by the administration of ampyox in large doses, was shown to be accompanied by a considerable decrease in cell-mediated and humoral antiendotoxin immunity, which was manifested by a decrease in the titers of antiendotoxin antibodies and in the content of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, capable of binding endotoxin.

[The development of intestinal dysbacteriosis in newborn infants with a deficiency of antibodies to the Re-glycolipid]. / Razvitie kishechnogo disbakterioza u novorozhdennykh pri defitsite antitel k Re-glikolipidu.

The dependence of the quantitative content of Escherichia coli in the feces of newborn infants 3 days after birth on the titer of anti Re-glycolipid antibodies in umbilical blood and in mother milk was studied. The reverse correlation between the number of bacteria in feces and the titers of anti Re-glycolipid antibodies was established, the amount of bacteria depending more on antibody titers in umbilical blood than on those in mother milk. The conclusion was made that antiglycolipid antibodies played an important role in the regulation of the quantitative content of E. coli in the intestine of newborn infants. In case of the deficiency of such antibodies intestinal dysbacteriosis may develop in newborn infants.