Rare Pseudosarcomatous Lesions Posing Diagnostic Challenges: Histopathologic Examination as a Dominant Tool Preventing Misdiagnosis of Proliferative Fasciitis.

Proliferative fasciitis is an extremely rare benign myofibroblastic proliferation that typically presents as a rapidly growing subcutaneous mass. Precise histopathological interpretation is required to obtain a proper diagnosis. Due to a symptomatology overlap, discrimination from soft tissue sarcomas is crucial in the prevention of unnecessary excessive treatment that could be potentially harmful to the patients. Here, we present a rare case of atypical localization of proliferative fasciitis. The lesion was predominantly localized in the groin with the invasion of the scrotum and clinically mimicked soft tissue sarcoma. However, according to a proper histopathologic analysis, the diagnosis of proliferative fasciitis was concluded. With a large number of pseudosarcomatous lesions, there is a rising urge to introduce these rare but benign processes to physicians in order to prevent misdiagnosing patients.

Nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma associated with parathyromatosis. A case report.

We report on the case of a 39-year old man who underwent a thyroidectomy and a parathyroidectomy with misdiagnosed medullary carcinoma of the thyroid in 2013. During the operation the thyroid gland and parathyroid glands were artificially damaged due to the complicated surgical access to the glands because of the obesity of the patient as well as the deep placement of the enlarged parathyroid glands. Three years later, the neck ultrasound showed bilateral nodules on the neck, suspected to be metastases of the medullary carcinoma. Microscopically, the nodules were found to be focuses of parathyromatosis, and there was also an infiltrating carcinoma. This lesion was reclassified after clinico-pathological correlation and immunohistochemical examination as nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma. This article discusses morphological and immunohistochemical features of parathyromatosis and parathyroid carcinoma and its separation from lesions with which it may be misdiagnosed.

[Soft tissue tumors - the view of the molecular biologist]. / Nádory mekkých tkání ocima molekulárního patologa.

Soft tissue tumors (SSTs) constitute a broad spectrum of neoplasms with diverse biological properties. Rare or unusual types are often difficult to classify. Recent studies show, that a significant subset of SSTs including many types of sarcomas are associated with specific genetic changes such as chromosomal translocations producing chimeric genes, which play a role in the pathogenesis of SSTs. Because SSTs represent a diagnostically challenging group of tumors, molecular-genetic techniques (FISH or PCR) are useful as supplementary and/or confirmatory diagnostic tools. In the present paper we demonstrate the usefulness of a combined diagnostic approach using the tools of classical histopathology and immunohistochemistry together with the molecular diagnostic approach in selected nosologic entites.

Infective endocarditis after alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a relatively rare but serious complication of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Currently, antibiotic prophylaxis is not generally recommended in these patients. We report a case of infective endocarditis in a patient after alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with residual left ventricle outflow tract obstruction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the medical literature demonstrating this complication in the late postprocedural period following alcohol septal ablation.