Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 12 de 12
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
Foods ; 13(10)2024 May 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38790848

ABSTRACT

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a perennial tuberous plant from the genus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) and has been widely used in foods for thousands of years. The present study examined the ethanol extract of turmeric for its chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and free radical scavenging properties. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis tentatively identified eight compounds in the turmeric extract. Potential antimicrobial effects of 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg turmeric equivalents (TE)/mL were evaluated in vitro against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas sp.) and Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, and Staphylococcus aureus). Concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 mg TE/mL inhibited the growth of S. aureus and significantly suppressed that of Pseudomonas sp., E. faecalis, and L. innocua. The growth of all strains, including E. coli, was inhibited by 10 mg TE/mL. Moreover, free radical scavenging capacities were determined using HO●, ABTS●+, and DPPH● (HOSC, ABTS, and RDSC, respectively) radicals. The turmeric ethanol extract had a TPC value of 27.12 mg GAE/g, together with HOSC, RDSC, and ABTS values of 1524.59, 56.38, and 1.70 µmol TE/g, respectively. Our results suggest that turmeric extract has potential applications for use in functional foods to reduce microbial burdens and oxidative stress-related health problems.

2.
J Agric Food Chem ; 71(48): 18735-18745, 2023 Dec 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37988686

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the chemical composition of rosemary water extract (RWE) and its influence on mechanisms by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters into cells as a potential route for reducing the risk of COVID-19 disease. Compounds in RWE were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS. The inhibitory effect of RWE was then evaluated on binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) and ACE2 and separately on ACE2 activity/availability. Additionally, total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging capacities of RWE against HO•, ABTS•+, and DPPH• were assessed. Twenty-one compounds were tentatively identified in RWE, of which tuberonic acid hexoside was identified for the first time in rosemary. RWE dose of 33.3 mg of rosemary equivalents (RE)/mL suppressed the interaction between S-protein and ACE2 by 72.9%, while rosmarinic and caffeic acids at 3.3 µmol/mL suppressed the interaction by 36 and 55%, respectively. RWE at 5.0, 2.5, and 0.5 mg of RE/mL inhibited ACE2 activity by 99.5, 94.5, and 68.6%, respectively, while rosmarinic acid at 0.05 and 0.01 µmol/mL reduced ACE2 activity by 31 and 8%, respectively. RWE had a TPC value of 72.5 mg GAE/g. The results provide a mechanistic basis on which rosemary may reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Rosmarinus , Humans , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus , Rosmarinus/chemistry , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , SARS-CoV-2 , Phenols/pharmacology , Free Radicals , Protein Binding
3.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 11007, 2023 07 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37420084

ABSTRACT

To further elucidate the expression, regulation and function of Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family (SLAMF) protein members in human monocytes and macrophages. Un-differentiated monocytic THP-1 cell (u-THP-1) and differentiated THP-1 macrophage (d-THP-1) were used as culture models in the study. Responses of cells to the differentiation agents phorbol ester (25 ng/ml) and TLR (Toll-like receptor) ligands were assessed. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine mRNA and protein level. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression levels and phagocytosis were used as functional markers. Data analyzed using t-test, one-way or two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc test. SLAMFs were differentially expressed in THP-1 cells. Differentiation of u-THP-1 to d-THP-1 led to significantly higher SLAMF7 mRNA and protein levels than other SLAMF. In addition, TLR stimuli increased SLAMF7 mRNA expression but not protein expression. Importantly, SLAMF7 agonist antibody and TLR ligands synergistically increased the mRNA expression levels of IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α, but had no effect on phagocytosis. SLAMF7 knocked-down in d-THP-1 significantly lowered TLR-induced mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory markers. SLAM family proteins are differentially regulated by differentiation and TLRs. SLAMF7 enhanced TLR-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in monocytes and macrophages but not phagocytosis.


Subject(s)
Macrophages , Monocytes , Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family , Toll-Like Receptors , Humans , Cytokines/metabolism , Family , Ligands , Lipopolysaccharides , Macrophages/metabolism , Monocytes/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family/metabolism , Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism
4.
Food Chem ; 393: 133441, 2022 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35696954

ABSTRACT

In this work, to improve the functionality of pea protein isolate (PPI), sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) was added during last step of protein extraction and co-spray dried. The influence of PPI to SHMP mixing ratios (95:5 and 90:10) and reaction pH conditions (pH 6, 7, 8, and 9) on reaction efficiency, structural and functional properties of phosphorylated PPI were evaluated. Results showed that both mixing ratios had a similar degree of phosphorylation, suggesting the high efficiency of a 95:5 mixing ratio. The mixing ratio affected powder yield and proximate composition whereas hydrophobicity and denaturation temperature were regulated by pH conditions. For functionality, both mixing ratios showed significantly increased solubility at pH 6. Moreover, an increase in foaming capacity was observed in all phosphorylated PPI. The result from the current study may work as a basis for PPI phosphorylation in the food industry using the simplified method.


Subject(s)
Pea Proteins , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Pea Proteins/chemistry , Powders , Solubility , Spray Drying
5.
Food Chem ; 382: 132570, 2022 Jul 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35245760

ABSTRACT

The utilization of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is hindered by unpleasant flavors, low macronutrients digestibility, and long cooking time. The pre-thermally treated beans can overcome these limitations. Therefore, the effect of thermal methods (moist-heat and dry-heat) and bean market classes (black, navy, kidney, and pinto) on functional properties and digestibility of bean flours were compared to raw counterparts. Within bean class, moist-heated samples showed increased water-holding capacities of 2.54-2.87 g H2O/g sample and starch/protein digestibility whereas dry-heated samples showed enhanced flavor profile and increased oil-holding capacities of 1.04-1.14 g oil/g sample. Among bean classes, moist-heated kidney bean flour showed the highest water-holding capacity of 2.87 g H2O/g sample and starch/protein digestibility while dry-heated pinto bean flour had the highest oil-holding capacity of 1.14 g oil/g sample. The current result may provide a basis for the development of pre-thermally treated legume flours and facilitate their applications.


Subject(s)
Phaseolus , Flour/analysis , Nutrients , Phaseolus/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Starch/chemistry
6.
Molecules ; 26(5)2021 Mar 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33803186

ABSTRACT

In the current study, the chemical composition and total phenolic content of tomato seed flours, along with potential health beneficial properties, including free radical scavenging capacities, anti-inflammatory capacities, and gut microbiota profile modulation, were examined using two different batches. Eight compounds were identified in the tomato seed flour, including malic acid, 2-hydroxyadipic acid, salicylic acid, naringin, N-acetyl-tryptophan, quercetin-di-O-hexoside, kaempferol-di-O-hexoside, and azelaic acid. The total phenolic contents of tomato seed flour were 1.97-2.00 mg gallic acid equivalents/g. Oxygen radical absorbing capacities (ORAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacities (DPPH), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical scavenging capacities (ABTS) were 86.32-88.57, 3.57-3.81, and 3.39-3.58 µmoles Trolox equivalents/g, respectively, on a per flour dry weight basis. The mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory markers, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), were dose-dependently suppressed by tomato seed flour extracts. The extracts altered five of the eight bacterial phyla and genera evaluated. The results may provide some scientific support for the use of tomato seed flour as value-added food ingredients.


Subject(s)
Seeds/chemistry , Solanum lycopersicum/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/analysis , Antioxidants/analysis , Bacteria/drug effects , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Feces/microbiology , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Phenols/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry
7.
Food Sci Nutr ; 8(2): 1215-1225, 2020 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32148827

ABSTRACT

The blackberry seed flour was cold-extracted using 50% acetone and examined for its phytochemical composition and health-beneficial properties including in vitro gut microbiota modulatory, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative capacities. Among identified thirteen components of blackberry seed flour extract through UHPLC-MS analysis, sanguiin H6 was the primary component and followed by ellagic acid and pedunculagin. For health-beneficial properties, the blackberry seed flour extract increased the total number of gut bacteria and shifted the abundance of specific bacterial phylum, family, or genus. The extract had RDSC, ORAC, HOSC, and ABTS•+ scavenging capacities of 362, 304, 2,531, and 267 µmol Trolox equivalents (TE)/g, respectively. In addition, the blackberry seed flour extract showed capacities for anti-inflammation and antiproliferation by suppressing LPS induced IL-1ß mRNA expressions in the cultured J774A.1 mouse macrophages and the proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. The results suggest potential health benefits and further utilization of blackberry seed flour as functional foods.

8.
Food Funct ; 10(5): 2461-2470, 2019 May 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30977500

ABSTRACT

Cold-pressed milk thistle seed flour was extracted with 50% acetone and evaluated for its phytochemical composition, and gut microbiota modulating, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative capacities. UHPLC-MS analysis detected fifteen compounds in the milk thistle seed flour extract with silychristin as the primary component followed by silybin B and isosilybins A & B. The milk thistle seed flour extract enhanced the total bacteria number and altered the abundance of a specific bacterial phylum or genus under the experimental conditions. The extract had RDSC, ORAC, HOSC, and ABTS˙+ scavenging capacities of 49, 634, 10 420 and 116 µmol Trolox equivalents (TE) per g flour, respectively. In addition, the milk thistle seed flour extract suppressed LPS induced IL-1ß mRNA expression in the cultured J774A.1 mouse macrophages and the proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. The results suggest milk thistle seed flour's potential health benefits in functional foods.


Subject(s)
Flour/analysis , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Silybum marianum/chemistry , Animals , Cell Line , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Food Handling , Humans , Interleukin-1beta/genetics , Interleukin-1beta/immunology , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/immunology , Mice , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Seeds/chemistry
9.
Anal Biochem ; 573: 73-76, 2019 05 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30853376

ABSTRACT

In the present study, we evaluated, under transient transfection conditions, five different cationic lipid-based transfection reagents on the activation of NF-κB, MAP kinases signaling pathways and induction of cytokines expression. We found that the reagents studied differentially regulated the NF-κB and the MAP kinases signaling pathways in the human THP-1 macrophage. Additionally, mRNA expression levels of the cytokines, IL-1ß and TNF-α in THP-1 macrophage were also induced by selected test reagents. Hence, careful selection of cationic lipid-based transfection reagent for transient transfection is warranted, especially in studies of gene expression and function mediated through NF-κB- and MAP kinases-mediated pathways.


Subject(s)
Cytokines/genetics , Lipids/chemistry , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Transfection/methods , Cell Line , Humans , Interleukin-1beta/genetics , Macrophages/cytology , Macrophages/metabolism , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , NF-kappa B/genetics , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
10.
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol ; 10: 389-408, 2019 03 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30908952

ABSTRACT

Understanding the relationship between food and the gut microbiota, their interactions, and how each modulates the other is critical for successful promotion of human health. This review seeks to summarize ( a) the current knowledge on the effects of food and food components on gut microbiota and ( b) the association between gut microbiota, consumption of food, and food bioactive components and the resulting beneficial health outcomes. Our goal is to provide state-of-the-art information on food and gut microbiota interactions and to stimulate discussions and research approaches that will move the field forward.


Subject(s)
Food , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Diet , Humans
11.
J Agric Food Chem ; 66(44): 11519-11530, 2018 Nov 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30343573

ABSTRACT

Chronic diseases are a major health problem in the United States. Accumulated data suggest that consumption of vegetables can significantly reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. Dietary guidelines for 2015-2020 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommend 1-4 cups of vegetables per day for males and 1-3 cups of vegetables per day for females, depending on their age. However, the average intake of vegetables is below the recommended levels. Microgreens are young vegetable greens. Although they are small, microgreens have delicate textures, distinctive flavors, and various nutrients. In general, microgreens contain greater amounts of nutrients and health-promoting micronutrients than their mature counterparts. Because microgreens are rich in nutrients, smaller amounts may provide similar nutritional effects compared to larger quantities of mature vegetables. However, literature on microgreens remains limited. In this Review, we discuss chemical compositions, growing conditions, and biological efficacies of microgreens. We seek to stimulate interest in further study of microgreens as a promising dietary component for potential use in diet-based disease prevention.


Subject(s)
Micronutrients/analysis , Vegetables/chemistry , Animals , Chronic Disease/prevention & control , Humans , Micronutrients/metabolism , Nutrition Policy , Nutritive Value , Vegetables/growth & development , Vegetables/metabolism
12.
J Agric Food Chem ; 66(35): 9309-9317, 2018 Sep 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30068076

ABSTRACT

Carrot, cucumber, and broccoli seed flours were extracted with 50% acetone and evaluated for their phytochemical compositions along with their potential gut microbiota modulating, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory capacities. Nine and ten compounds were detected in the broccoli and carrot seed flour extracts, with kaempferol-3- O-rutinoside and glucoraphanin as the primary component of each, respectively. All three seed flour extracts enhanced total number of gut bacteria and altered the abundance of specific bacterial phylum or genus in vitro. The broccoli seed flour extract had the greatest relative DPPH radical scavenging capacity, oxygen radical absorbing capacity, and hydroxyl radical (HO•) scavenging capacity values of 85, 634, and 270 µmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g, respectively. Carrot seed flour extract showed the greatest ABTS•+ scavenging capacity of 250 µmol TE/g. Also, three seed flour extracts suppressed LPS induced IL-1ß and COX-2 mRNA expressions in J774A.1 cells. The results might be used to promote the value-added utilization of these vegetable seed flours in improving human health.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Brassica/chemistry , Cucumis sativus/chemistry , Daucus carota/chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Cold Temperature , Feces/microbiology , Flour/analysis , Free Radical Scavengers/isolation & purification , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Humans , Interleukin-1beta/metabolism , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Seeds/chemistry
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...