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1.
Sci Rep ; 6: 18626, 2016 Jan 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26725652

ABSTRACT

A three-dimensional porous architecture makes an attractive electrode structure, as it has an intrinsic structural integrity and an ability to buffer stress in lithium-ion batteries caused by the large volume changes in high-capacity anode materials during cycling. Here we report the first demonstration of a SnO2-coated macroporous Cu foam anode by employing a facile and scalable combination of directional freeze-casting and sol-gel coating processes. The three-dimensional interconnected anode is composed of aligned microscale channels separated by SnO2-coated Cu walls and much finer micrometer pores, adding to surface area and providing space for volume expansion of SnO2 coating layer. With this anode, we achieve a high reversible capacity of 750 mAh g(-1) at current rate of 0.5 C after 50 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 590 mAh g(-1) at 2 C, which is close to the best performance of Sn-based nanoscale material so far.

2.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater ; 30: 214-22, 2014 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24333672

ABSTRACT

This study investigates and compares the microstructure, biocompatibility, and tribological properties of two different Ti-based composites, Ti-10W and Ti-7.5TiC-7.5W, with those of pure Ti for their potential use in biomedical applications. In particular, cold and hot isostatic-pressing and arc-melting methods were utilized and compared for the microstructure of the composites. Nano-scratch measurements and pin-on-disk wear tests were employed to understand their tribological behavior. As compared to pure Ti, Ti-10W and Ti-7.5TiC-7.5W showed significantly improved nano-scratch resistance (by 85 and 77%, respectively) and wear resistance (by 64 and 66%, respectively), in good agreement with hardness measurements. For biocompatibility examination, both microculture tetrazolium test (MTT) and water soluble tetrazolium (WST-1) test were used to quantify the cell viability of human osteoblasts and mouse fibroblasts on the materials. Both of the Ti-based composites showed acceptable biocompatibility in comparison with the pure Ti control.


Subject(s)
Alloys/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Materials Testing , Titanium/chemistry , Tungsten/chemistry , Animals , Biocompatible Materials/toxicity , Cell Line , Cell Survival/drug effects , Humans , Mice , Osteoblasts/cytology , Osteoblasts/drug effects , Surface Properties
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