[The role of spectral analysis of cough sounds in the diagnosis of COVID-19].

AIM: To evaluate the possibility of using spectral analysis of cough sounds in the diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spectral toussophonobarography was performed in 218 patients with COVID-19 [48.56% men, 51.44% women, average age 40.2 (32.4; 51.0)], in 60 healthy individuals [50% men, 50% women, average age 41.7 (32.2; 53.0)] with induced cough (by inhalation of citric acid solution at a concentration of 20 g/l through a nebulizer). The recording was made using a contact microphone located on a special tripod at a distance of 15-20 cm from the face of the subject. The resulting recordings were processed in a computer program, after which spectral analysis of cough sounds was performed using Fourier transform algorithms. The following parameters of cough sounds were evaluated: the duration of the cough act (ms), the ratio of the energy of low frequencies (60-600 Hz) to the energy of high frequencies (600-6000 Hz), the frequency of the maximum energy of the cough sound (Hz). RESULTS: After statistical processing, it was found out that the parameters of the cough sound of COVID-19 patients differ from the cough of healthy individuals. The obtained data were substituted into the developed regression equation. Rounded to integers, the resulting number had the following interpretation: "0" - there is no COVID-19, "1" - there is COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The technique showed high levels of sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the method is characterized by sufficient ease of use and does not require expensive equipment, therefore it can be used in practice for timely diagnosis of COVID-19.

[The Medical Social Characteristics of Women with Oncologic Diseases].

The oncologic pathology is covered by the group of socially significant diseases and ranks second position in the structure of population mortality in the Russian Federation, being one of the actual medical social problems of modern society. In the Russian Federation and all over the world, over last years, a steady rise of morbidity of malignant neoplasms is observed. At that, it is more intensive among female population. Both medical biological and social hygienic risk factors play a significant role in the development of these diseases. In this connection, significant interest represents study of individual medical social characteristics of females with oncologic pathology and their impact on health of this contingent and on development of disease itself. The medical social study, based on the developed program, covered 607 females with oncologic diseases and 605 females without this pathology (control group). The computer database was organized. To provide a possibility of in-death statistical processing of data, all qualitative indices were converted into number form using technology based on the expert appraisal. The technique of mathematical statistics was applied to analyze relationship of medical social characteristics. The functional dependences were built. The key risk factors were detected. The regression analysis was applied to develop mathematical models describing relationship between health of patients and their leaving on disability status and individual medical social risk factors. The testing confirmed efficiency of the developed models. The results of applied analysis and the developed prognostic models are proposed to be applied within the framework of stage-by-stage dispensary observation and control of health of females with oncologic diseases with the purpose of prevention at early stages and in case of complications of main and concomitant diseases.

[The development of prevention of alcoholic addiction on the basis of analysis of medical social risk factors and prognostic modeling].

The alcohol addiction is one of most actual medical social problems of modern society. The medical biological and social hygienic risk factors play significant role in its development. As a result of that, actual priority is attached to development of methodology and implementation of screening program with the purpose of analyzing medical social characteristics of examined contingent, forming of risk groups and administrating of adequate preventive curative preventive measures. The developed program included 74 questions to patient and 6 items of decision of physician. The mentioned program was applied as a basis of medical social survey comprising samples of 418 patients with alcoholism (main group) and 402 patients without this pathology (control group). The digital data base was organized. To support possibility of joint statistical processing of values of analyzed medical social characteristics all qualitative indices based on expertise evaluations were represented in digital expression. The methods of mathematical statistics were applied to explore significance of leading medical social risk factors. These factors were used as a foundation of developing mathematical models permitting to forecast individual level of possibility of development of alcohol addiction and health of patients. The established risk factors and results of prognostic modeling were proposed to be implemented in process of preventive examinations with the purpose of identification of persons with high risk of development of alcohol addiction and administer curative preventive measures. The results of approbation organized in two industrial enterprises of the Voronezhskaia oblast and screening of patients without narcological or psychiatric diagnosis visited Voronezhskii clinical narcological dispensary with purpose of obtaining resolution about absence of narcological diseases, confirm effectiveness of proposed approach.

[Features of cardiovascular diseases in cleaners-up of consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station accident and in residents of territories polluted by radionuclides]. / Osobennosti zabolevanii serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy u likvidatorov posledstvii avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES i prozhivaiushchikh na zagriaznennykh radionuklidami territoriiakh.

The authors discuss features of cardiovascular diseases in liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear power station accident consequences and in residents of territories polluted with radionuclides, present recommendations on correction of risk factors leading to atherosclerosis--the main cause of cardiovascular complications.

[Activities of the Health Center providing health care for Nuclear Power Station workers and for nearby residents]. / Deiatel'nost' medsanchasti, obsluzhivaiushchei rabotnikov AES i naselenie prilegaiushchei territorii.

The authors evaluate relationships of parameters describing activities of Health center and selected according to "discrete correlation galaxies" method with characteristics of health state of population covered by the center. The article contains mathematic models that could be a basis for forecasting changes of health state characteristics under variation of Health center activity parameters.