Hydatid cyst involving the mandible ramus.

Parasitic infections rarely involve the oral and maxillofacial regions and pose a diagnostic challenge when they do. Hydatid cysts are parasitic cysts caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Intraosseous involvement is observed in 3% of cases, of which only 2-6% are in the maxillofacial region. A scientific literature search revealed only seven cases involving the mandible. We report a rare case in a 16-year-old female patient who presented with facial asymmetry and well-defined radiolucency of the ramus. Our findings will help in understanding the diagnostic issues caused by non-specific presentation and difficulties in suspecting such a rare diagnosis as echinococcosis of the oral or maxillofacial region. A thorough systemic investigation is essential as 20-30% of these cases show multiorgan involvement.

Protocols in the management of cleft lip and palate: A systematic review.

AIM: To identify clinical decisions on surgical as well as non-surgical modalities for the treatment of CLP patients based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Ebscohost, and Cochrane Library were searched and 20 articles based on RCTs conducted on cleft patient management were identified. RESULTS: The topics explored were infant orthopedics, lip and palate repair, alveolar bone grafting, and management of cleft maxillary hypoplasia. Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) was found to have great benefits when carried out within one month of birth. Fisher and Mohler's lip repair technique and use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rh-BMP2) for alveolar bone grafting showed promising results. rh-BMP2 for alveolar bone grafting appears to be a promising alternative to autografts. CONCLUSION: Early commencement of NAM in neonatal life is of great benefit to cleft patients. There is a need for more multicentre collaborations, mainly to identify the ideal surgical technique to reduce the variability in treatment and to ensure that the patient receives appropriate evidence-based treatment.

Hydatid cyst involving the mandible ramus

ABSTRACT Parasitic infections rarely involve the oral and maxillofacial regions and pose a diagnostic challenge when they do. Hydatid cysts are parasitic cysts caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Intraosseous involvement is observed in 3% of cases, of which only 2-6% are in the maxillofacial region. A scientific literature search revealed only seven cases involving the mandible. We report a rare case in a 16-year-old female patient who presented with facial asymmetry and well-defined radiolucency of the ramus. Our findings will help in understanding the diagnostic issues caused by non-specific presentation and difficulties in suspecting such a rare diagnosis as echinococcosis of the oral or maxillofacial region. A thorough systemic investigation is essential as 20-30% of these cases show multiorgan involvement.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon's Perspective on Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome - A Report of Two Cases.

Rationale: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder and is associated with multisystem involvement, multiple cysts, neoplasms and other developmental anomalies. The purpose of the study was to highlight the incidental findings of GGS and to lay emphasis on its early diagnosis. Patient Concerns: Two patients complaining of pain, swelling and at times pus discharge from the oral cavity were reported with a coincidental finding of odontogenic keratocysts and positive family history. Diagnosis: Upon thorough examination, a diagnosis of GGS was made. Treatment: The patients were managed by enucleation and chemical cauterisation using Carnoy's solution and were maintained on follow-up semi-annually. Outcomes: Both patients showed no signs of recurrence post six months follow-up. Lessons: The role of an oral and maxillofacial surgeon is of utmost importance in the early diagnosis of this syndrome to render good quality of life to these patients.