ABSTRACT
Epidemiological, cross-sectional, and prospective studies strongly suggest that exercise has beneficial effects on bone mass in premenopausal women. We prospectively compared the effects of resistance or aerobic exercises on regional bone mass in premenopausal active duty military women ranging in age from 19 to 40 years. Subjects were assigned, by preference, to a resistance exercise group or an aerobic exercise group and instructed to exercise at least 30 minutes per day, three times per week, for a period of 1 year. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual photon absorptiometry at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and by single photon absorptiometry at the mid radius at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. BMD increments during the study were statistically significant at all sites in both exercise groups. Comparisons between the groups showed that after 12 months, BMD increased similarly in the lumbar spine (2.2% resistance vs. 1.8% aerobics, p = not significant) but more in the resistance group in the femoral neck (5.0% vs. 2.7%, p < 0.001) and the mid radius (7.8% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.05). Both resistance and aerobic exercises increase regional bone mass, particularly cortical bone mass, in premenopausal women. Resistance work appears to have a slightly greater effect on cortical bone than aerobics alone. A combination of aerobics and resistance exercises, therefore, may be a useful strategy for increasing peak bone mass in premenopausal women.
Subject(s)
Bone Density/physiology , Exercise , Absorptiometry, Photon , Adult , Female , Femur Neck , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae , Military Personnel , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To note that a thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting macroadenoma may be part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 (MEN-1) syndrome and to report the use of octreotide-LAR (OCT-LAR) to treat a TSH-secreting macroadenoma in a patient with MEN-1 with previous surgery for hyperparathyroidism and gastrinoma. METHODS: We present a patient with a TSH-secreting pituitary macroadenoma and report the results of her endocrine, genetic, radiologic, and nuclear medicine testing and her response to treatment with octreotide (OCT), octreotide-LAR, and estrogen. RESULTS: This patient's TSH-induced hyperthyroidism responded to octreotide for 5 months and octreotide-LAR for more than 11 months. Her hypercalcemia normalized while she was taking estrogen. Her genetic testing is reported to show a genetic defect that is typical of patients with MEN-1. CONCLUSION: This report describes: (1) The use of octreotide-LAR to treat both a TSH-secreting pituitary tumor and a gastrinoma over 12 months; (2) the importance of including these tumors into the MEN-1 syndrome with its attendant implications; and (3) a genetic defect, typical of patients with MEN-1, associated with this tumor.
Subject(s)
Adenoma/drug therapy , Hormones/administration & dosage , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/drug therapy , Octreotide/administration & dosage , Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy , Thyrotropin/metabolism , Adenoma/diagnostic imaging , Adenoma/metabolism , Estrogens/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Hypercalcemia/etiology , Hyperthyroidism/diagnostic imaging , Hyperthyroidism/drug therapy , Hyperthyroidism/etiology , Middle Aged , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/diagnostic imaging , Radionuclide Imaging , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is an uncommon, but debilitating, neurological disease. Characterized by paralysis of eye movements, difficulty talking and swallowing, body trunk rigidity, gait ataxia, and dementia, the disease progresses rapidly over a 6-8 year time span. Death usually occurs from aspiration pneumonia. To provide meaningful care for the PSP patient and his/her family, the neuroscience nurse must first understand the disease pathophysiology, then the appropriate care interventions.
