ABSTRACT
The effects of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) schedules on responding were assessed across two parameters: presence of signal and schedule density. Results indicated that signaled NCR schedules were correlated with greater overall reductions in responding and quicker reductions relative to NCR schedules without a signal. The clinical significance of these findings is discussed.
Subject(s)
Autistic Disorder/psychology , Autistic Disorder/therapy , Behavior Therapy/methods , Reinforcement Schedule , Aggression/psychology , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Humans , Intellectual Disability/psychology , Male , Self-Injurious Behavior/psychology , Self-Injurious Behavior/therapy , Young AdultABSTRACT
Recent research has suggested that variables related to specific mand topographies targeted during functional communication training (FCT) can affect treatment outcomes. These include effort, novelty of mands, previous relationships with problem behavior, and preference. However, there is little extant research on procedures for identifying which mand topographies to incorporate into FCT. In the current study, a mand topography assessment was conducted following functional analyses to identify the proficiency with which individuals used several different mand topographies. Two mand topographies (high and low proficiency) were then compared during FCT-based treatments. FCT was more effective when the mand topography identified as high proficiency was incorporated into FCT as compared to FCT that included the lower proficiency response. The results are discussed in terms of the need for individualized assessment procedures for selecting mand topographies that are targeted during FCT.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy/methods , Developmental Disabilities/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Communication , Developmental Disabilities/psychology , Humans , Male , Reinforcement, Psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
We conducted functional analyses of two individuals' aggressive behavior. Results of each of the initial functional analyses were inconclusive with respect to the role of social reinforcers in the maintenance of the behavior. Further assessment was conducted to clarify the role of social reinforcers. One individual's results suggested social reinforcers were relevant while results for the second individual remained inconclusive. Treatment evaluations conducted with both individuals suggested manipulation of social consequences could be used to reduce aggressive behavior even though, in one case, no clear social function was apparent.
