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1.
Int J Womens Dermatol ; 7(5Part A): 647-652, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35024418

ABSTRACT

This review article focuses on the dermatologic manifestations of selected nutrient deficiencies, including protein-energy and micronutrient-related malnutrition. The various nutrient deficiencies presented may share common features. However, distinctive cutaneous signs may prompt clinicians to consider a nutritional cause and help distinguish a nutrient deficiency from other common dermatologic conditions. The recent reemergence of forgotten nutritional deficiencies, such as scurvy and pellagra, in the context of predisposing risk factors that may uniquely affect women more than men makes this topic timely. Recognition of nutritional disorders is important because appropriate treatment may reverse cutaneous signs and prevent irreversible sequelae.

2.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 36(4): 448-454, 2019 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30993772

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To characterize clinical differences among nonwhite/multiethnic vs white children, adolescents, and young adults with melanoma or atypical melanocytic neoplasms, including atypical Spitz tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort of 55 patients (< 25 years of age) prospectively followed from 1995 to 2018 in the Stanford Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Program was analyzed for differences in clinical presentation, including skin phototype, race/ethnicity, age, sex, tumor/melanoma characteristics, and outcome. RESULTS: Seventeen patients (9 males and 8 females) were classified as nonwhite (predominantly skin phototype IV) and of Hispanic, Asian, or Black/African American ethnicity, and 38 patients (21 males and 17 females) were classified as white (predominantly phototypes I/II). Ages ranged from 6 months to 24 years, and median follow-up was 36 months (range 1-180 months). Melanomas were diagnosed in 87% of whites in our cohort, compared to 65% of nonwhites, with the remainder representing mainly atypical Spitz tumors. Lesions were usually brought to the attention of a health care provider by the patient or family (P < 0.05). Compared with whites, nonwhites were more likely to present at a younger mean age (10.9 years vs 15.4 years, P < 0.05) and with pink/clinically amelanotic tumors (59% vs 24%, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This long-term prospective institutional study showed clinically relevant differences between nonwhite vs white children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with melanoma and atypical melanocytic neoplasms. Nonwhite patients presented at a younger age and had more clinically amelanotic melanocytic tumors. Increased recognition of clinical factors and risk of these tumors in nonwhites could result in earlier diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Melanoma/epidemiology , Melanoma/pathology , Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell/pathology , Registries , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Adolescent , Black or African American/statistics & numerical data , Age Distribution , Asian/statistics & numerical data , Black People/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Melanoma/diagnosis , Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell/diagnosis , Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell/epidemiology , Pediatrics , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sex Distribution , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , United States/epidemiology , White People/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
4.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 32(4): 518-21, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25545833

ABSTRACT

Localized changes in cutaneous elastic tissue often manifest with flesh-colored, hypopigmented, or yellow papules, plaques, and nodules. We present five children with clinically similar cobblestone plaques composed of multiple hypopigmented, nonfollicular, pinpoint papules located unilaterally over the upper chest. All lesions first appeared at birth or during early infancy. No associated extracutaneous abnormalities have been identified. Histopathology was remarkable for many, thick elastic fibers with elastorrhexis. We believe that these cases represent a distinct and unique variant of connective tissue nevi.


Subject(s)
Connective Tissue Diseases/diagnosis , Elastic Tissue/pathology , Nevus/diagnosis , Thorax , Biopsy , Child , Connective Tissue Diseases/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Nevus/pathology
5.
Clin Pediatr (Phila) ; 53(11): 1084-90, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24849505

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of our institutional beta-blocker protocol for treatment of complicated infantile hemangiomas (IH). STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive study of 76 infants/children with IH treated with oral propranolol at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between June 2008 and August 2010 was performed, assessing both the safety and efficacy of propranolol. Based on preliminary data showing hemangioma recrudescence off-treatment, we reviewed 9 additional patients with recrudescence between August 2010 and December 2011. RESULTS: Mild adverse events included asymptomatic bradycardia, gastrointestinal symptoms, asymptomatic hypotension, cool hands/feet, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, and sleep disturbance. Sixteen patients had recrudescence of IH off-treatment, with propranolol discontinued at a median age of 14 months (interquartile range 10-15 months). CONCLUSIONS: Propranolol appears to be associated with minor, not severe symptomatic adverse events. Propranolol appears to be effective in treating complicated IH. Recrudescence can occur off-treatment, even with discontinuing propranolol as late as 15 months of age.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hemangioma/drug therapy , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Philadelphia , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
6.
Pediatr Clin North Am ; 61(2): 293-308, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24636647

ABSTRACT

The authors herein describe several nail conditions, which the general pediatrician is likely to encounter in the course of routine practice. Because pediatric nail disorders represent a limited component of a general pediatric practice, it can be challenging for practitioners to establish expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions and to recognize when reassurance is appropriate or when referral to a specialist is necessary. This article summarizes the anatomy of the normal nail unit, as well as the evaluation and management of onychomycosis, melanonychia, trachyonychia, onychomadesis, and nail pitting.


Subject(s)
Nail Diseases/diagnosis , Nail Diseases/therapy , Nails/pathology , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Onychomycosis/diagnosis , Onychomycosis/therapy
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