ABSTRACT
Aim Radium-223 has been the first-approved targeted Alpha therapy agent. We retrospectively assessed different factors influencing the overall survival (OS) and patient management. Setting and Design Thirty-two metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients' hematological parameters, number of cycles, performance status, and toxicities were evaluated for OS. Radium 223 dichloride (Radium-223) was administered every 4 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. Primary and secondary end points were OS, progression free survival (PFS), therapy toxicities, change in performance status, biochemical response, and skeletal-related events (SREs). Materials and Methods Patients' median age was 77 years (range: 57-90 years) and median follow-up was 399 days (range: 5-1,761 days). A total of 163 cycles were administered in 32 patients, with 4 or less cycles in 8 patients (25%) and 5 or more cycles in 24 patients (75%). Among eight patients with 4 or less cycles, three patients died, of which two patients died due to neutropenic sepsis. Statistical Analysis Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the cycle groups; Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to see the relation of different variables with OS. Log rank test was used for group comparison while Kaplan-Meier survivorship was used for OS. Results Statistical correlation was seen between the number of cycles ( p =0.037) and hemoglobin ( p =0.028). Kaplan-Meier OS ( p =0.038) was correlated with the number of cycles (≤ 4 cycles and ≥ 5 cycles). OS was 173 days in patients with one to four cycles, 226 days in five cycles, and 493 days in six cycles. Myelosuppression leading to stopping of full six cycles was seen in 7 of 32 patients (22%) and significantly correlated to inferior OS ( p =0.048). Conclusion Higher number of Radium-223 cycles was seen to be associated with better OS. Prior myelosuppression was associated with poor OS. Patients with better hematological profile were more likely to complete the maximum number of the cycles with a better OS.
ABSTRACT
A 54-year-old female treated for locally advanced ductal breast carcinoma was also diagnosed with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour. A staging 68Ga DOTANOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demonstrated somatostatin receptor-positive foci within the brain parenchyma. A whole body 18F-fluoride PET/CT also demonstrated several foci of low-grade tracer uptake in the brain. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed several cerebral and cerebellar metastases. This case highlights the need to be aware of each tumor's metastatic profile and the careful attention required for thoroughly evaluating imaging in the presence of multiple pathologies. Furthermore, such incidental findings can have significant treatment and prognostic implications.
ABSTRACT
We present a pictorial review of a range of typical and atypical cases of gallstone ileus (GI), across a wide range of imaging modalities. GI is a complication of gallstone disease causing mechanical intestinal obstruction due to impaction of gallstone in the gastrointestinal tract. The spectrum of presentation can vary enormously, and we highlight the importance of accurate imaging diagnosis of GI especially early use of computed tomography. This will lead to timely and appropriate surgical intervention with the potential avoidance of unnecessary outcomes. The ambition of pictorial synopsis is to make the radiologists to be more vigilant to the common and more obscure imaging findings of GI.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging , Gallstones/complications , Gallstones/diagnostic imaging , Ileal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Ileal Diseases/etiology , Ileus/diagnostic imaging , Ileus/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , HumansABSTRACT
A 47-year-old woman with a history of myomectomies and uterine artery embolization 15 years previously presented with increasing menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multiple enhancing fibroids, extensive uterine supply from what appeared to be patent uterine arteries, and significant supply from what appeared to be the left ovarian artery. Aortography demonstrated no ovarian supply, but extensive collateral supply from distal branches of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), with further collateral supply from the anterior division of both internal iliac arteries. There was no filling of the uterine arteries distal to the coils. Embolization was performed with technical and clinical success. This case highlights the potential for recruitment of collateral vessels following coil embolization and is the first reported case of successful fibroid embolization from distal IMA branches.
