ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The first dermatology-specific proxy health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument for children 0-4 years old with skin diseases, the Infants and Toddlers Dermatology Quality of Life (InToDermQoL), was recently developed. In order to avoid the problem of cross-cultural inequivalence focus groups work and pilot tests were organized simultaneously in all national centres of the project. The InToDermQoL showed good comprehensibility, clarity and acceptance. OBJECTIVE: To validate the InToDermQoL questionnaire during international field tests. METHODS: Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the InToDermQoL questionnaire were checked during international field tests. RESULTS: Parents of 473 children with skin diseases filled in the national language versions of the InToDermQoL questionnaire. All three age-specific versions of the InToDermQoL questionnaire with 10, 12 and 15 items, respectively, showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.90-0.93), good test-retest reliability (correlation coefficients > 0.9), significant correlations with the most widely used atopic dermatitis-specific proxy instrument, the Infants Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (correlation coefficients 0.68-0.79). The InToDermQoL versions for children <3 years old well correlated with the atopic dermatis severity measure Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (correlation coefficients 0.66 and 0.86 for 10 and 12 items versions, respectively). The InToDermQoL questionnaire discriminated well among different diagnoses and disease severity levels. CONCLUSION: Our field tests confirmed internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the InToDermQoL questionnaire. Development and validation of the InToDermQoL questionnaire make it possible to assess dermatology-specific aspects of HRQoL in youngest children with skin diseases. There are many reasons to assess HRQoL in dermatologic clinical practice, and we hope that our new instrument will be used internationally in paediatric dermatology for research and practical needs.
Subject(s)
Parents , Quality of Life , Skin Diseases , Surveys and Questionnaires , Child, Preschool , Dermatology , Europe , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Language , Male , Proxy , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index , Skin Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
Present condition and perspective of development of self-care decontamination products. This work provides data describing the current state and perspectives of development of self-care decontamination products for neutralization and removal of poisonous and highly toxic biologic and radioactive agents from open human body surfaces and close- fitting cloth. The history of self-care decontamination products creation in Russia and foreign countries is represented. The detailed performance characteristics of the developed individual anti-gas kits IPP-3, IPP-51, IPP-8, IPP-10, IPP-11, which were accepted to the Army and the Navy supply in the 1920-1930s, during the Great Patriotic war, in post-war period and now, are given. The individual anti-gas kits RSDL, M291, M295 and MKI for government-issue equipment of North Atlantic nations' armies are described in detail. It was showed that the general limitation both of the native and foreign anti-gas kit models is the poor efficacy against exposure of vesicants from the group of blister warfare agents. The most perspective research guidelines in creation of new self-care decontamination products. are validated.
