[Effect of lycopene on blood lipoproteids in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopause]. / Deistvie likopina na lipoproteidy krovi u zhenshchin s sakharnym diabetom 2 tipa v postmenopauze.

Blind randomized placebo-control research included 39 women. The following criteria were: menopause period for more then 1 year long; diabetes mellitus; arterial hypertension; hypercholesterolemia. The patients were divided into two groups. Women from the first group (N = 24) were given 30 mg lycopene (composed with "Tomatol") per day during 24 weeks. The second group (N = 15) were given placebo. It was showed that during 12-week "Tomatol" intake we state that lycopene concentration in serum increased twice (337.0 +/- 133.0 nM), total cholesterol (CH) and CH LDL decreased by 12% and 16% respectively. The lipoproteins spectrum normalization correlated to serum antioxidative activity (r = 0.30, p < 0.05), and malonic dialdehyde concentration decrease by 44.8% correlated to lycopene increase (r = -0.51, p < 0.05). Our results give us a possibility to use "Tomatol" as an additional medicine for the prevention of atherosclerosis.

[The changes of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in plasma in ischemic stroke]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia lipidov, lipoproteinov i apolipoproteinov v plazme krovi pri ishemicheskom insul'te.

Contents of lipids (cholesterol CS, triglycerides) as well as levels of CS of lipoproteins of different density and of apolipoproteins A1 and B were measured in blood serum of 31 patients in different periods after of ischemic stroke. The majority of the indices studied were significantly decreased in men in acute periods of the stroke, especially in 8-21 days after the stroke development. Meanwhile, the levels of lipids, CS lipoproteins of both low and very low densities were increased later. Contents of CS of antiatherogenic lipoproteins of high density (HDLP) was low in different periods after the development of disorders of cerebral circulation. This confirms the concept that low level of HDLP is one of the risk factors of ischemic stroke. Decrease of the levels of both lipids and CS of lipoproteins of different density was more pronounced in patients with more severe atherosclerotic damages of the main cerebral arteries. Disorders of metabolism of lipoproteins in ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation are discussed with reference to literary data taking into consideration their heterogeneity. Genetically determined pathology of certain apolipoproteins plays a key role factor in the development of early atherosclerosis and in the elucidation of biochemical markers of the primary damages of cerebral vessels.

[The lipid transport system and its hormonal regulators in youths suffering from obesity]. / Sostoianie lipidtransportnoi sistemy i ee gormonal'nykh reguliatorov u iunoshei s ozhireniem.

The type and degree of changes in the lipid transporting system of blood plasma and levels of hormonal provision of the regulatory processes in juvenile obesity of different degrees were under study. A single fat food loading was used to detect the precursors or latent forms of disorders in lipoprotein spectrum and their hormone regulators. A total of 35 obese patients aged 16 to 18 and 30 age-matched healthy youths were examined. Analysis of the baseline values showed increased levels of apolipoprotein B, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and reduced levels of apolipoprotein A1, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese youths vs. controls. A atherogenic pattern of changes in the lipoprotein and apolipoprotein spectra of the plasma obese youths was clearly seen under conditions of fat food loading, these changes being associated with disordered insulin reaction to intake if exogenous fat. The examinees suffering from obesity a varying degree, mainly from the abdominal variant, presented with a complex of interrelated metabolic disorders (hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipoproteinemias),--the metabolic X syndrome, this referring them to a group at risk of developing atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus irrespective of the degree of general obesity.

[Characteristics of the blood lipoprotein spectrum in truck drivers from the rural Northern Caucasus areas]. / Kharakteristika lipoproteidnogo spektra krovi u voditelei avtotransporta sel'skikh raionov Severnogo Kavkaza.

Studies were performed of the blood lipoprotein spectrum in 20-59-year-old truck-drivers working in Northern Caucasus rural areas, depending on the age, duration of work in the profession and nationality, in comparison with male workers of other professions in the same areas. It was established that, in indigenous male workers of other than truck-driver's profession, the average levels of different cholesterol lipoproteids were lower than in other ethnic groups, whereas the hypoalfacholesterolemia occurrence was two-fold. In truck-drivers of both indigenous and non-indigenous groups, the lipoprotein spectrum age-related changes were similar. In the non-indigenous drivers' group, hypercholesterolemia was highly prevalent, and hyperalfacholesterolemia was less prevalent than in other professional groups. Also, IHD cases were more characteristic of the indigenous drivers' group. The data obtained witnessed in favour of a differentiated approach in the planning of preventive activities with due account of the population's ethnic and occupational characteristics.

Characteristics of the blood serum lipoprotein pattern in female Tallinn residents aged 35-54 years.

In a single study of the female population aged 35-54 years in the city of Tallinn no significant differences in the blood lipoprotein pattern for the nationality (Estonian--Russian) and the phase of menstrual cycle in women with normal ovarian function were found. On the other hand, in comparison with those with a normal menstrual cycle postmenopausal women showed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. For studies of risk factor prevalence of non-communicable diseases among female population, it is recommended, to identify women with menstrual cycle disturbance since their higher percentages could bias the results.

Characteristics of the plasma lipid profile in the male population of Tallinn aged 20-54 years.

The blood plasma lipoprotein profile was studied in a representative random sample of the male population in Tallinn, comprising 2292 men aged 20-54 years. 42.8% of the sample were of Estonian and 43.4% of Russian nationality. Mean levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in the Tallinn males were found to be higher, and HDL lipoprotein level lower than those revealed in a random sample of the Moscow male population. These atherogenous features of the plasma lipoprotein profile were especially pronounced in men of Estonian nationality. The authors assume that these differences might be due to the genetic and ethnic peculiarities of the Estonian population.