Building Capacity for Logic Models and Evaluation Planning Using Canoe-building Concepts.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death in the United States Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPIs); US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds programs for prevention and control of diabetes, tobacco use, and related chronic disease conditions. To build USAPI programs' capacity in evaluation and surveillance, we held in-person and virtual trainings on evaluation planning and logic models that were tailored with traditional canoe-building themes to be relatable and memorable. Evaluation results suggest the efforts were effective at translating concepts. Additional tools and technical assistance reinforced concepts and resulted in quality evaluation plans. Culturally tailored evaluation tools can be useful and should be developed with population representatives.

Everyone Swims: a community partnership and policy approach to address health disparities in drowning and obesity.

Well-known disparities exist in rates of obesity and drowning, two public health priorities. Addressing these disparities by increasing access to safe swimming and water recreation may yield benefits for both obesity and injury prevention. Everyone Swims, a community partnership, brought community health clinics and water recreation organizations together to improve policies and systems that facilitated learning to swim and access to swimming and water recreation for low-income, diverse communities. Based in King County, Washington, Everyone Swims launched with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant funding from 2010 to 2012. This partnership led to multiple improvements in policies and systems: higher numbers of clinics screening for swimming ability, referrals from clinics to pools, more scholarship accessibility, and expansion of special swim programs. In building partnerships between community health/public health and community recreation organizations to develop systems that address user needs in low-income and culturally diverse communities, Everyone Swims represents a promising model of a structured partnership for systems and policy change to promote health and physical activity.

Informing policy on open water drowning prevention: an observational survey of life jacket use in Washington State.

OBJECTIVE: To assess life jacket use among Washington State boaters and to examine the relationship between life jacket use and boating laws. METHODS: A statewide observational survey of boaters was conducted between August 2010 and September 2010. Data collection included age, sex, life jacket use, boat type, and weather and water conditions. RESULTS: Among 5157 boaters, 30.7% wore life jackets. Life jacket use was highest among groups required by state law: personal watercraft users (96.8%), people being towed (eg, water-skiers) (95.3%) and children 0-12 years old (81.7%). Children and youth were more likely to use a life jacket if any adult in the boat wore a life jacket: 100% versus 87.2% for 0-5 years, 92.8% versus 76.7% for 6-12 years and 81.4% versus 36.1% for 13-17 years. Adult role modelling was particularly beneficial for adolescents aged 13-17 years, who were not covered by a life jacket law. In multivariable analysis, the presence of at least one adult wearing a life jacket was associated with a 20-fold increased likelihood that adolescents were also wearing a life jacket. CONCLUSIONS: Highest life jacket use was strongly associated with laws requiring use and with adult role modelling. Legislation requiring life jackets for ages 13-17 years and social marketing encouraging adult life jacket wear in the company of children and youth are promising strategies to increase life jacket use in Washington State.