ABSTRACT
The exposure to Non-Ionizing-Electromagnetic Fields (NI-EMFs) is often indicated as a cofactor responsible for the fertility reduction, which has been described in recent years. Despite the great interest in this topic and the research effort in exploring it, to date, there are no reliable data. Therefore, we carried out a scientometric analysis of the scientific literature published in peer reviewed Journals concerning this topic to better understand the reasons of this partial failure. To this aim, we identified and analysed 104 papers, published in last 26 years in peer-reviewed Journals, present in ISI Web of Knowledge Core Collection. Then, we analysed the impact of the Journals in which the papers were published as well as that of the single papers, the paper citation dynamics, the keywords citation busts, the geographical localization of citations and the co-authorship dynamics of the Authors. As a result, we found that different animal models (rodent, rabbit, guinea pig, and swine) and different experimental approaches (epidemiological vs. experimental studies) have the same impact, highlighting the lack of universally adopted standard in research activity. The analysis of the temporal trend in keywords and the high differences in citations between the different countries (also in those belonging to the same geographical and socio-economical area) pointed out the difficulties in approaching this branch of study. Lastly, it was evident that the Authors did not behave as a connected community, but as unconnected clusters of very small size. In conclusion, based on the results of our analysis, we think that important efforts must be undertaken to adopt more standardized models and to improve the research quality and the information exchange within the scientific community, with the aim of improving the reliability and usefulness of the results of research regarding the effect of NI-EMFs on fertility.
Subject(s)
Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects , Fertility , Animals , Authorship , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Publishing , Rabbits , SwineABSTRACT
The synthesis of resolved P-metalated nucleoside phosphoramidites is described. These rare compounds were initially prepared with gold as the metal center; however, the gold can be removed using basic phosphines or solid-supported triphenylphosphine. Treatment of the free nucleoside phosphoramidite with a platinum source generated a unique platinated dinucleoside species with a diastereomeric ratio of >99:1.
Subject(s)
Nucleosides/chemistry , Organophosphorus Compounds/chemistry , Organoplatinum Compounds/chemistry , Dimerization , Nucleosides/chemical synthesis , Organophosphorus Compounds/chemical synthesis , Organoplatinum Compounds/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
A range of arylgold compounds have been synthesized and investigated as single-component catalysts for the hydrophenoxylation of unactivated internal alkynes. Both carbene and phosphine-ligated compounds were screened as part of this work, and the most efficient catalysts contained either JohnPhos or IPr/SIPr. Phenols bearing either electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups were efficiently added using these catalysts. No silver salts, acids, or solvents were needed for the catalysis, and either microwave or conventional heating afforded moderate to excellent yields of the vinyl ethers.
