ABSTRACT
Background: The excessive accumulation of fat tissue in obesity is the source of chronic low-level inflammation and causes future dysmetabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Removal of this excessive fat tissue with the aid of bariatric surgery (BS) techniques, such as sleeve gastrectomy, may reverse adverse inflammatory outcomes. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of sleeve gastrectomy on inflammatory markers, specifically endocan, IL-6, and CRP, in individuals with obesity. Methods: Thirty-two patients with class 3 obesity and class 2 obesity + comorbidities were enrolled in the study. Clinical characteristics including age, comorbidity, body mass index (BMI), waist, and hip circumferences of the participants were noted before and 3 months after sleeve gastrectomy. Blood samples were collected during those periods to assess biochemical features such as serum endocan, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive peptide, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c levels, and lipid panel. A statistical package program was used for the analysis of those parameters, and p<0.05 was accepted as significant at a 95.0% confidence interval. Results: BMI reduced from 43.55±6.78 to 36.16±6.14 kg/m2 within 3 months following BS (p<0.001). Preoperative serum endocan, IL-6, and CRP levels were correlated with BMI, and in line with BMI reduction, their serum levels decreased after BS (p<0.05). HOMA-IR also reduced after BS, and both in the pre and post-BS periods correlated with BMI, IL-6, endocan, and CRP levels (p<0.05). The mean total body weight loss was 20.4% within 3 months post-BS. Conclusion: BS techniques are effective in weight loss and reversing the inflammatory processes caused by obesity. Serum endocan, IL-6, and CRP levels are promising markers for describing obesity-related inflammation and objectively checking the alleviation of inflammation following BS.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Amiodarone is an effective drug for life-threatening arrhythmias like recurrent ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation. Amiodarone creates rarely genitourinary side effects are seen. These are epididymitis, testicular dysfunction and impotance. Amiodarone aggregates and triggers inflammation in the head of the epididym. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a patient who developed epididymitis after 17 months of amiodarone therapy, using a low dose (100 mg per day). Although cessation of medication or dose lowering was not performed, remission of the patient only by analgesics is a distinct case reported in urological literature. CONCLUSIONS: This case stresses the importance of considering an adverse effect of amiodarone treatment as a cause when making a differential diagnosis of epididymitis.
