ABSTRACT
This investigation examined the relationship of the word list from the CERAD neuropsychological battery to the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) in a sample of 138 subjects with Probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Results revealed modest but statistically significant associations between the two measures on many key variables. Total words learned showed the strongest association, with lower correlations for delayed recall, intrusion errors, and recognition variables. As expected, the CERAD and CVLT assess similar aspects of verbal learning in patients with AD. However, the modest level of many of the correlations suggests that caution should be exercised in applying the same interpretive strategies derived on more comprehensive measures to shorter ones.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests , Verbal Learning , Adult , Aged , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Memory Disorders/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Neuropsychological measures designed to examine aspects of attention, learning efficiency, and memory were investigated in 14 schizophrenic probands, their 28 parents, and 18 normal individuals. Probands performed at levels significantly below normals on measures of attention and of learning efficiency and performed below their parents on a subset of the same measures. Eight families had one parent with a personal or ancestral pedigree history consistent with schizophrenia; the other parent's personal and ancestral history was negative for schizophrenia. In these families, the probands were significantly different from the negative-history parents, but not the positive-history parents on an aggregate index of attention. Schizophrenics were significantly different from both the positive- and negative-history parents on an aggregate index of learning efficiency. These results extend previous findings of specific neuropsychological dysfunction in attention and learning in schizophrenics to show that some of the deficits are present in a subgroup of their parents, those who are likely carriers of genes conveying risk for schizophrenia. The data suggest that a heritable component of the neuropsychological deficit is a primary dysfunction in attention, and that a secondary or additional deficit in learning may be evident in family members who actually express the disorder of schizophrenia.
Subject(s)
Child of Impaired Parents/psychology , Neurocognitive Disorders/genetics , Neuropsychological Tests , Schizophrenia/genetics , Schizophrenic Psychology , Adult , Attention , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Recall , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology , Reference Values , Risk Factors , Schizophrenia/diagnosisABSTRACT
The purpose of the present work was to provide an examination of the three major VA adjudication classifications (post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], psychotic, and neurotic) through objective psychological testing. During routine follow-up compensation and pension evaluations, 143 patients were given the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II). Additionally, their current disability diagnoses as well as their current percentage of disability were coded. Discriminant function analysis revealed that the pivotal discriminatory variables were alcohol abuse for the PTSD patients, thought disorder for the psychotics, and anxiety for the neurotics. This is remarkably consistent with general clinical expectations. This should allow for more specific use of the MCMI-II in compensation and pension examinations by Department of Veterans' Affairs psychologists.