ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: verificar se a desnutriçäo pregressa, além de causar déficit na estatura de meninas também poderia estar causando uma limitaçäo funcional à capacidade de realizaçäo de exercício máximo e submáximo em bicicleta ergométrica. CASUÖSTICA: 24 meninas, 12 eutróficas de idade (média + or - DP) 9,13 + or - 0,79 anos; peso 27,64 + or - 3,64 kg; e altura 131,31 + or - 6,04 cm; e 12 com desnutriçäo pregressa; idade 9,75 + or - 1,10 anos; peso 25,16 + or - 2,33 kg; e altura 125,06 + or - 3,90 cm. METODOLOGIA: Avaliaçäo clínica e teste ergoespirométrico em bicicleta ergométrica, a partir do qual foram obtidas as variáveis metabólicas e cardiorrespiratórias analisadas. Protocolo de teste: 2 minutos iniciais a 25 watts, seguidos de incrementos de 15 watts a cada 2 minutos, até a exaustäo. RESULTADOS: Testes de esforço máximo: näo foram observadas diferenças entre o grupo de meninas eutróficas (E) e o grupo de meninas com desnutriçäo pregressa (D) para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas: VO2max l/min., VO2max ml/min/kg, VEmax , R, FCmax, por centoFCmax prev e Watts max. Teste de esforço submáximo: foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos para as seguintes variáveis: VO2 l/min LA, por cento VO2max , FC LA, por cento FCmax LA, VE LA, por cento VEmax LA. Näo foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos para: VO2 ml/min/kg LA e Watts LA. CONCLUSAO: O restabelecimento da relaçäo peso para estatura em meninas com desnutriçäo pregressa, considerado como critério de eutrofia, é válido também para indicar ausência de limitaçäo funcional da capacidade de realizaçäo de exercício
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena , Exercise/physiology , Energy Metabolism/physiology , Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology , Oxygen Consumption , Body Height , Body Weight , Ergometry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Pulmonary Ventilation , Heart Rate , Obesity/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The metabolic and cardiovascular responses of eutrophic girls and girls who underwent early undernutrition, were examined during physical exercise, in order to verify whether previous undernutrition could, in addition to cause a deficit in the children's height, and limit their functional capability to perform a maximal and submaximal exercise in an ergometric bicycle. SUBJECTS: Our sample was composed of 24 girls, of which 12 were eutrophic, with 9.13 +/- 0.79 years (mean +/- s.d.), 27.64 +/- 3.64 kg of body weight, and 131.31 +/- 6.04 cm in height. The 12 early undernourished girls were 9.75 +/- 1.1 years old, 25.16 +/- 2.33 kg, and 125.06 +/- 3.9 cm high. MEASUREMENTS: The method included clinical evaluation and ergo-spirometric test on an ergometric bicycle, from which all the metabolic and cardiac-respiratory variables were obtained and analyzed. The test protocol was an initial two minutes period with 25 watts, followed by increments of 15 watts every two minutes, until exhaustion. RESULTS: Analysis of the results of the test of maximal effort did not reveal significant differences between eutrophic (E) and early undernourished (UN) girls in any of the variables: VO2max expressed in l/min (E = 1.11 +/- 0.25; UN = 1.02 +/- 0.19); VO2max expressed in ml/min/kg (E = 40.23 +/- 6.98; UN = 40.53 +/- 6.32), VEmax (E = 40.61 +/- 8.79; UN = 38.25 +/- 8.95), R (E = 1.13 +/- 0.07; UN = 1.13 +/- 0.05), HRmax (E = 195.33 +/- 9.13; UN = 193.85 +/- 11.18), previous % HRmax (E = 92.87 +/- 4.33; UN = 92.80 +/- 4.87), and maximum watts (E = 90.00 +/- 20.56; UN = 91.25 +/- 11.33). Analysis of the results obtained in test of submaximal effort, reflected by the intensity of effort in the anaerobic threshold (AT), showed differences between the groups in the following variables: VO2max expressed in l/min. (E = 0.77 +/- 0.14; UN = 0.62 +/- 0.13), % of VO2max (E = 70.07 +/- 7.52; UN = 61.21 +/- 9.83), HR (E = 166.58 +/- 14.25; UN = 146.33 +/- 17.40), % HRmax (E = 85.31 +/-6.41; UN = 75.50 +/- 7.73), VE (E = 24.18 +/- 5.81; UN = 17.69 +/- 4.30), % VEmax (E = 59.64 +/- 8.45; UN = 46.95 +/- 10.59). No differences were found for VO2max, expressed in l/min/kg (E = 28.06 +/- 4.87; UN = 24.81 +/- 5.31) and watts (E = 51.25 +/- 17.47; UN = 45.00 +/- 9.77). CONCLUSION: The reestablishment of the ratio weight/height in early undernourished girls is also useful to indicate lack of limitation of functional capability to perform physical exercises.
Subject(s)
Energy Metabolism/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology , Body Height , Body Weight , Child , Ergometry , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Obesity/epidemiology , Oxygen Consumption , Pulmonary Ventilation , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
Germfree (GF) and conventional (CV) mice were fed on diets containing 4.4, 13.2 or 26.4% of protein (weight/weight). CV mice fed on low protein diet did not gain weight during four weeks, whereas the protein deficient diet did not affect the growth of GF mice. After four weeks on these diets, the mice were inoculated with 5 x 10(3) trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi. The protein deficiency affected less the GF than the CV mice, according to the following parameters: weight gain, hemoglobin, plasma protein and albumin levels and water and protein contents of the carcass. Infection with T. cruzi produced a significant decrease in hemoglobin levels, red blood cell count, and water and protein contents in the carcass. This decrease was more pronounced in the GF mice. Histopathologically, there was no difference between the treatments in animals with the same microbiological status (GF or CV). However, the disease was more severe in the GF than in the CV mice.
