ABSTRACT
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse event associated with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs. The use of these drugs in the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastasis is necessary and standardized in the literature. A multidisciplinary approach for the patient's management is strongly recommended. Therefore, it should be necessary to integrate the path of these subjects with a dedicated dental screening in order to first assess the individual risk of developing a MRONJ, and then to plan dental treatments and oral hygiene sessions, and finally to schedule a follow-up to intercept and treat early osteonecrosis. The aim of this manuscript is to propose a new simple medical report to evaluate patients affected by metastatic bone cancer in order to reduce the risk of developing MRONJ.
Subject(s)
Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw , Bone Density Conservation Agents , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/diagnosis , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/epidemiology , Diphosphonates , Humans , Medical Records , Prognosis , Risk AssessmentABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a group of psoriatic patients and healthy subjects. METHODS: 120 psoriatic patients were enrolled in this observational study. Clinical examination, panoramic X-ray, magnetic nuclear resonance of temporo-mandibular joint, parodontal evaluation, oropharyngeal buffer and incisional biopsies by scalpel, as applicable, were done in order to value the patients. The control group was formed by 201 non-psoriatic patients attending the hospital for dental conditions. Oral clinical evaluation of these patients was performed, to assess the presence of any oral manifestation that can be related to psoriasis: fissured tongue, geographic tongue, parodontitis, temporo-mandibular joint disorders and oral candidiasis. After the observational analysis, a statistical examination was conducted using the chi-square test (2-sided). RESULTS: A percentage of 78.34% of patients belonging to the case group presented oral manifestations, while in the control group the 35.3% of the individuals presented any oral lesions. Especially geographic and fissured tongue showed a strong correlation with psoriasis. CONCLUSIONS: Some oral mucosal lesions, such as geographic and fissured tongue, are strongly associated with psoriasis. Although these lesions are non-pathognomonic to psoriasis, their precise relationship needs to be clarified and further investigated.
Subject(s)
Mouth Diseases/etiology , Psoriasis/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa , Prevalence , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema is defined as the abnormal introduction of air in the subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck. It is mainly caused by trauma, head and neck surgery, general anesthesia, and coughing or habitual performance of Valsalva manoeuvre. The occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema after dental treatment is rare, and diffusion of gas into the mediastinum is much rarer, especially when the procedure is a nonsurgical treatment. Presented here is a case of subcutaneous emphysema that occurred after sodium hypochlorite irrigation during endodontic treatment, and the description of its etiologies and prevention during nonsurgical endodontic treatment. Endodontic success can be essentially achieved via good debridement of a root canal, and an ideal endodontic irrigant is effective in removing the smear layer, opening the dentinal tubules, and producing a clean surface for closer obturation. CASE REPORT: A 60-years-old woman had an abnormal swelling and pain during an endodontic treatment accompanied by her dentist to the emergency room and was referred to our observation for complaining of severe pain, ecchymosis and severe swelling on the left side of her face. The aforementioned symptoms appeared after sodium hypochlorite irrigation and aggressive use of air spray for drying the root canal during the endodontic treatment of the upper left lateral incisor. DISCUSSION: An extrusion during an inappropriate endodontic treatment may occasionally be reported and can cause tissue damage. NaOCl is one of the best and most commonly used irrigating solutions because of its efficacy, but it can also negatively affect the periapical tissues. CONCLUSION: Determining the correct working length, even when performing an intraoperative periapical radiograph and confirming the root canal integrity, could help avoid these kinds of accidents.
