ABSTRACT
Introduction. Le frein labial est un repli muqueux tendu entre la lèvre et le procès alvéolaire du maxillaire ou de la mandibule. Il est considéré pathologique lorsque son insertion ou sa taille interfère avec une fonction, une thérapeutique ou a des effets délétères sur les tissus parodontaux environnants. L'objectif de ce travail était de montrer l'intérêt de la frénectomie associée ou non à la greffe épithélioconjonctive dans la prise en charge des freins labiaux pathologiques à travers un rapport de deux cas clinques. Observation clinique et prise en charge. Deux patientes présentant des freins labiaux pathologiques ont été prises en charge dans le service de parodontologie de l'Institut d'Odontologie et de Stomatologie de l'Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar. Des frénectomies ont été réalisées, dont l'une associée à une greffe épithélioconjonctive. La technique de l'incision en V est utilisée pour améliorer l'esthétique et la fonction. En présence de défaut parodontaux associés, la greffe épithélioconjonctive permet à la fois d'éliminer un frein aberrant, d'approfondir le vestibule et de renforcer le parodonte. Conclusion. Une élimination complète du frein et un bon rendu esthétique ont été obtenus par la frénectomie seule. Un approfondissement du vestibule et une augmentation en hauteur et en épaisseur de tissu kératinisé ont été observés grâce à la combinaison frénectomie et greffe épithélioconjonctive.
Introduction. Physiological determination of the condylar slope is difficult and its relationship with the incisal guidance slope has been the subject of several studies in leucodermal people. This study aimed to determine relationships bet ween incisal guidance and anatomical condylar slopes relative to axio-orbital plane in melanoderm population group. Materials and methods. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. An exhaustive selection was made from teleradiographic files taken with a Carestream Dental CS 9600®. Incisal and anatomical condylar slopes were measured by Carestream's Imaging® software. Statistical analysis was performed using R 4.2.2 software at risk of 5%. Results. The sample consisted of 54 subjects, 53.7% of whom were men. The average of incisal slope was 57.5°±10° and 51.07°±7° for anatomical condylar slope. Mean difference according to gender was non-significant. Relationship between two types of slope revealed a Pearson correlation of 0.5. Linear regression yielded an equation Pi = 23.13+0.66 Pca. Conclusion. The Agreement between incisal slope and anatomical condylar slope could provide a reference for prosthetic rehabilitation. Racial and sexual difference suspected for incisal slope could be confirmed by further work. In this context, digital imaging provides great interest by its accessibility and reliability.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Sucking is innate in both infants and young children. It is termed nutritive when referring to suckling from the breast or bottle-feeding and non-nutritive when applied to sucking of a digit or pacifier. Few studies have attempted to assess the impact of the type of sucking on the size of the dental arches. The aim of this study was to quantify the influence of the mode of nutritive suckling and non-nutritive sucking habits (NNSH) on the measurements of the dental arches. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a transverse descriptive study involving 226 Senegalese children. The mode of feeding and the presence or not of a NNSH (digit or pacifier) were gathered from parents of all children using a structured questionnaire. Quantitative variables regarding intra- and inter-arch relationships were recorded using plaster moulds taken from the children. Statistical analyses were used to compare the different variables according to gender, the mode of feeding and the presence or not of a NNSH. RESULTS: The subjects in the study (123 boys and 103 girls) were aged between 5 and 6years old. The children who had enjoyed mixed feeding (breast/bottle combination) had a great length of the anterior maxillary arch and a significantly greater depth of the palatal arch than children receiving breast-feeding alone. The children with antecedents or a current NNSH had a longer anterior maxillary arch than subjects with no NNSH (P=0.01). Regarding inter-arch relationships, the children with antecedents or a current digit-sucking habit had less overbite than their peers who had no NNSH (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that bottle-feeding, even partial, as well as NNSH are associated with changes in certain dimensions of the maxillary dental arch and in inter-arch relationships. Longitudinal studies are required to investigate further the nature of this association.
