ABSTRACT
We present the case of a 69-year-old woman with a history of kyphoscoliosis, arterial hypertension, and chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. She underwent the computed tomography of the chest, and incidental anomalies of the aortic arch branches were found. Asymptomatic aberrant right subclavian artery and bicarotid trunk, which was found, are rare and usually incidental findings. The presence of this anomaly is becoming increasingly important to interventional cardiologists and radiologists as the number of endovascular procedures is increasing every year.
ABSTRACT
Congenital lobar overinflation (CLO) is a rare neonatal developmental anomaly. We present the case of a newborn boy who was born as a first twin at the 26th gestation week, and transferred to the department of pediatric intensive care due to respiratory distress and prematurity. Recurrent pneumothoraces were observed, and the chest drain was inserted. However, saturation was unsatisfactory although he was intubated and ventilated by synchronized intermittent-mandatory ventilation (SIMV). The chest radiographs showed hyperinflation of the right middle lobe, with mediastinal shift to the left, and atelectasis of the remaining lobes. That caused ventilation and perfusion mismatch and hypoxia, due to a decrease in ventilated lung tissue. When high-frequency ventilation was instituted, he stabilized. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed the cause and the diagnosis of CLO was made. A high index of suspicion is needed when clinical and radiological findings are present in a newborn with respiratory distress and recurrent pneumothoraces to ensure prompt diagnosis and optimal, timely treatment.
ABSTRACT
An incidental liver mass was discovered in a 65-year-old male during a routine ultrasound (US) check-up of his hiatal hernia. The mass, which showed no malignant characteristics, was interpreted as a focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Due to normal blood tests and tumor marker levels, as well as the patient's asymptomatic presentation, only regular monitoring was performed. At a check-up 18 months later, CT examination indicated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgery was no longer possible due to diffuse liver involvement. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and chemotherapy were started. A possible metastasis to the right adrenal gland was detected. The patient started to experience headaches, vertigo, paresthesia, and pain of the right jaw. A CT scan of the head showed a mass in the right masticatory space. A CT-guided biopsy confirmed a HCC metastasis.
ABSTRACT
A 40-year-old female, who was being treated for a urinary tract infection, was admitted to the hospital due to a gradually increasing left flank colic pain. An ultrasound investigation detected right-sided hydronephrosis, and a computed tomography scan additionally showed large cystic changes in both the fallopian tubes, which were compressing the ureters and thus causing hydronephrosis. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which demonstrated fluid-fluid levels inside the cystic changes. The differential diagnosis included a deep pelvic endometriotic cyst and a pyosalpinx.
ABSTRACT
As the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is still relatively novel but quickly expanding, we would like to present a series of clinical cases where CEUS was used in diagnostics of pediatric patients. The presented cases include kidney trauma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with secondary liver deposits, renal cortical cysts, retropharyngeal abscess, necrotizing pancreatitis, and vesicoureteral reflux. The wide range of the presented cases demonstrates CEUS' multipurpose use, which, together with its other useful attributes, especially its favorable safety profile, makes it an excellent diagnostic tool.
