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1.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 19(3): 233-41, 2008 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18654722

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: There are various surgical approaches to treat Chiari I malformation. In spite of the good clinical results that are reported with most of them, there is still controversy about the optimal treatment of this pathology. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and radiological results of surgical treatment of the Chiari I malformation with suboccipital craniectomy, posterior arch of C1 resection with or without dural graft, analyzing clinical and radiological findings and describing the complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospectively clinical cases series of patients who underwent Chiari I malformation surgery between 1998 and 2006 in the Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol in Badalona. The inclusion criteria consisted in: patients older than 18 years, who have had surgery in our hospital, detailed neurological examination before and after surgery (calculating the EDSS scale punctuation), craniospinal magnetic resonance imaging before and after surgery and minimal follow up period of 6 months. The election of the surgical approach was left to the discretion of the main surgeon. Patients were divided in two groups depending of the surgical technique: Group A (with dural graft) and Group B (without dural graft). To evaluate the morphological results in both groups, measurements of the position of the fastigium above a basal line in the midsagittal T1 weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained. In patients with syringomyelia, siringo-to-cord ratio was measured before and after surgery. To evaluate the clinical results, neurological examination was recorded in both groups before and after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age of Group A patients was 47 (-/+12.89) years, and of Group B was 38.3 (-/+7.77) years. Mean follow up period was 2.48 (-/+2.44) years in Group A and 4.2 (-/+4.46) in Group B. Creation of an artificial cisterna magna was observed en 35.7% of Group A patients and only in 3.5% of Group B patients (p=0.022). In 8 patients front Group A, 8 patients (28.6%) an upward migration of the cerebellum was seen, whereas any of the Group B patients presented it (p=0.022) Siringo-to-cord ratios were decreased in both groups without significant differences. All of the Group A patients improved their clinical exploration. In Group B, 60% of the patients improved and the 40% left maintained clinical stability. Any patient worsened. All patients that maintained clinical stability belonged to Group B, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (p=0.04). Five patients presented immediate surgical complications (2 pseudomeningoceles, 2 meningitis and 1 hydrocephalus). All this patients where operated with dural graft (p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: According to our study, suboccipital craniectomy with resection of the posterior arch of C1 and dural graft shows better clinical and radiological results than without dural graft. Nevertheless this technique can increase the incidence of surgical complications.


Subject(s)
Budd-Chiari Syndrome , Dura Mater , Neurosurgical Procedures , Occipital Lobe/surgery , Transplants , Adult , Budd-Chiari Syndrome/pathology , Budd-Chiari Syndrome/surgery , Dura Mater/anatomy & histology , Dura Mater/surgery , Humans , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Syringomyelia/pathology , Syringomyelia/surgery , Treatment Outcome
2.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 19(3): 233-241, mayo-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67979

ABSTRACT

Existen múltiples tratamientos descritos para la malformación de Chiari tipo I. Se reportan buenos resultados clínicos con la mayoría de las variantes. Aún así, sigue habiendo controversia acerca del tratamiento óptimo de esta entidad. Objetivo. Comparar los resultados clínico-radiológicos del tratamiento quirúrgico de la malformación de Chiari tipo I mediante craniectomía suboccipital, resección del arco posterior de C1 con o sin duroplastia, analizando las variables clínicas, radiológicas y describiendo las complicaciones. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes intervenidos en nuestro centro entre los años 1998 y 2006. La muestra cumplía los siguientes criterios de inclusión: pacientes mayores de 18 años, que hubieran sido intervenidos en nuestro centro en todas las ocasiones, examen neurológico preoperatorio y de control postoperatorio (calculando su puntuación en la escala EDSS), estudio de imagencraneo espinal preoperatorio y postoperatorio y tiempomínimo de seguimiento clínico de 6 meses. Los pacientes se intervinieron con una u otra técnicaen función del criterio del cirujano principal. Dividimosa los pacientes en dos grupos según la técnica utilizada: Grupo A (intervenidos mediante duroplastia) y grupo B (intervenidos sin duroplastia). Para evaluar los resultados radiológicos en los dos grupos se midieron en la resonancia magnética, antes y después de la cirugía: la migración cerebelos a siguiendo el método de Duddy y Williams y la ratio siringo espinal en los pacientes con siringomielia. Para evaluar el resultado clínico, se recogió en los dos grupos la exploración neurológica antes y después de la cirugía. Resultados. La edad media de los pacientes del grupo A fue de 47 (±12,89) años, mientras que la del grupo B fue de 38,30 (±7,77) años. El tiempo medio de seguimiento de los pacientes del grupo A fue de 2,48 (...)


There are various surgical approaches to treat ChiariI malformation. In spite of the good clinical results that are reported with most of them, there is still controversy about the optimal treatment of this patology.Objective. To compare the clinical and radiologicalresults of surgical treatment of the Chiari I malformation with suboccipital craniectomy, posterior arch of C1 resection with or without dural graft, analyzing clinical and radiological findings and describing the complications.Material and methods. Retrospectively clinical casesseries of patients who underwent Chiari I malformationsurgery between 1998 and 2006 in the Hospital GermansTrias i Pujol in Badalona. The inclusion criteriaconsisted in: patients older than 18 years, who have hadsurgery in our hospital, detailed neurological examination before and after surgery (calculating the EDSS scale punctuation), craniospinal magnetic resonanceimaging before and after surgery and minimal followup period of 6 months.The election of the surgical approach was left to thediscretion of the main surgeon.Patients were divided in two groups depending ofthe surgical technique: Group A (with dural graft)and Group B (without dural graft). To evaluate themorphological results in both groups, measurementsof the position of the fastigium above a basal line in the midsagittal T1 weighted magnetic resonance imageswere obtained. In patients with syringomyelia, siringoto-cord ratio was measured before and after surgery. Toevaluate the clinical results, neurological examinationwas recorded in both groups before and after surgery.Results. The mean age of Group A patients was 47(±12,89) years, and of Group B was 38,3 (±7,77) years.Mean follow up period was 2,48 (...)


Subject(s)
Humans , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Dura Mater/surgery , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Postoperative Complications , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery
3.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 13(6): 429-35; discussion 436, 2002 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12529771

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: C1-C2 transarticular fixation is an increasingly used surgical method of treating atlantoaxial instability. When properly performed, it can safely provide fusion rates near 100%, but techniques of fixation in this region allow only a small margin of error. We here report the results of C1-C2 transarticular fixation in a series of 20 patients in which different procedures were selected according to the presenting disorder in each case. METHODS: The study group included 9 men and 11 women with a mean age of 48 years (range 17 to 68 years). The causes of instabilities were rheumatoid arthritis in nine patients, type II and III Hangman's fracture of traumatic origin in nine (in association with other lesions in three cases), pseudoarthrosis after type II odontoid fracture in one, and type III complex C1 fracture in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Preoperative assessment included flexion and extension plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Operations included transarticular screw fixation in all cases; in patients with rheumatoid arthritis it was associated with sublaminar fixation and bone grafting following Sonntag's technique in all but two cases. Postoperative results were evaluated in relation to the biomechanical stability and fusion was studied by flexion and extension radiographs and CT scans. Pain relief in patients with rheumatoid arthritis patients was assessed using a 0-10 visual analogic scale (V.A.S.). RESULTS: In the traumatic group, a consolidation of the fracture and radiologic stability was achieved in all cases. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, pain improved in all but not the neurological deficit, and in all cases a C1-C2 biomechanical stability was reached despite interlaminar graft resorption in two (25%) cases. With respect to complications, a lesion of the vertebral artery occurred in one case, deviation of the screw in two cases, and breakage of the screw without clinical repercussion in two other cases. CONCLUSION: C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation was a useful technique to achieve satisfacory biomechanical stability in patients with atlatoaxial instability of both inflammatory and traumatic origin with a low rate of complications.


Subject(s)
Bone Screws , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Orthopedic Fixation Devices , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Spinal Fractures/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Vertebrae/pathology , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Preoperative Care , Spinal Fractures/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
4.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26287

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: La fijación transarticular C1-C2 es un procedimiento quirúrgico progresivamente más utilizado para el tratamiento de la inestabilidad de la columna cervical alta. Cuando dicha técnica se efectúa correctamente, es un procedimiento seguro que proporciona tasas de fusión cercanas al 100 por ciento, pero la fijación en esta región permite un escaso margen de error. Presentamos los resultados de la fijación transarticular C1-C2 en una serie de 20 pacientes en los que se seleccionaron diferentes técnicas según la causa de la inestabilidad cervical.Métodos: Se estudiaron a 9 varones y 11 mujeres con una media de edad de 48 años (rango 17 a 68 años). Las causas de la inestabilidad cervical fueron artritis reumatoide en nueve pacientes, fracturas tipo 11 y 111 de Hangman de origen traumático en nueve (con otras lesiones en tres casos), seudoartrosis tras fractura odontoide tipo 11 en un caso y fractura compleja tipo 111 de C1 en un paciente con espondilitis anquilopoyética. La evaluación preoperatoria incluyó radiografías cervicales en flexión y extensión, así como tomografía axial computadorizada (TAC) y resonancia magnética nuclear. En todos los casos se efectuó una fijación transarticular con tornillos (asociada a fijación sublaminar e injerto óseo según la técnica de Sonntag en siete de los nueve pacientes con artritis reumatoide). En el postoperatorio se evaluaron la estabilidad biomecánica y la fusión (por las radiografías cervicales y el TAC). Se utilizó una escala analógica visual (E.V.A.) de 0 a 10 para valorar la mejoría del dolor en el grupo con artritis reumatoide.Resultados: En todas las luxaciones traumáticas, se logró la consolidación de la fractura y la estabilidad radiológica. Todos los pacientes con artritis reumatoide experimentaron mejoría de dolor y en todos los casos se logró la estabilidad biomecánica C1-C2 a pesar de la reabsorción del injerto interlaminar en dos pacientes (25 por ciento). Con respecto a las complicaciones, hubo un caso de lesión de la arteria vertebral, desviación del tornillo Neurocirugía 2002; 13:429-436 en dos casos y rotura del tornillo sin repercusión clínica en otros dos casos.Conclusión: La fijación transarticular CI-C2 fue una técnica útil para lograr la estabilidad biomecánica en pacientes con inestabilidad de la columna cervical superior de origen traumático e inflamatorio, con un bajo porcentaje de complicaciones (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Adolescent , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Orthopedic Fixation Devices , Bone Screws , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Spinal Fractures , Orthopedic Procedures , Treatment Outcome , Preoperative Care , Cervical Vertebrae , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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