ABSTRACT
The role of insulin in the control of somatomedin release has been investigated in people with Type 1 diabetes. Six patients underwent insulin-induced hypoglycaemia of 20 min duration and 8 patients were studied using the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp technique at insulin infusion rates of 0.25, 1.25, 2.5, and 0.25 mU kg-1 min-1 for 1 h at each rate. In the first study plasma insulin concentrations rose from (median, range) 23 (10-36) to 114(60-200) mU l-1 at the onset of hypoglycaemia, and fell to 53 (23-100) mU l-1 after 20 min hypoglycaemia and 30 (15-73) mU l-1 on return to normoglycaemia. Plasma IGF-1 rose from 140 (96-292) to 179 (127-352) micrograms l-1 (p less than 0.05) at the onset of hypoglycaemia and fell to 131 (125-173) micrograms l-1 after 20 min and to 154 (121-287) micrograms l-1 at the end of the study. During hyperinsulinaemia plasma insulin rose from 23 (19-40) mU l-1 at the lowest infusion rate to 61 (33-84) and 148 (68-200) mU l-1 at the two higher infusion rates. Over the same period, plasma IGF-1 increased from 91 (13-203) to 123 (98-182) micrograms l-1 (p less than 0.05) and 109 (84-160) micrograms l-1. There was no correlation between growth hormone levels and IGF-1 in either study. These results suggest that insulin produces short-term increases in IGF-1 levels in man in the absence of a growth hormone response.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/blood , Insulin/pharmacology , Somatomedins/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Glucose/physiology , Glucose Clamp Technique , Humans , Insulin/administration & dosage , Insulin Infusion SystemsABSTRACT
The anaesthetic potencies of binary mixtures of the gases argon (Ar), nitrous oxide (N2O) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) have been measured using mice. The mixtures SF6-N2O and N2O-Ar showed additive behaviour, whereas the constituents of the mixture SF6-Ar were non-additive, having a smaller total potency than expected. Further experiments on this mixture with Italian Great Newts and on the carbon tetrafluoride mixtures CF4-Ar and CF4-SF6 with mice suggested that the anomalous potencies may arise from specific pulmonary effects associated with the breathing of SF6 accompanied by a high pressure of some other gas.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Inhalation , Argon/pharmacology , Fluorides/pharmacology , Nitrous Oxide/pharmacology , Animals , Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane/pharmacology , Drug Synergism , Gases/pharmacology , Mice , Sulfur/pharmacology , TriturusSubject(s)
Dangerous Behavior , Registries , Substance-Related Disorders , Violence , Alberta , HumansSubject(s)
Caseins , Naphthalenes , Sulfonic Acids , Aniline Compounds , Animals , Cattle , Detergents , Energy Transfer , Fluorescence , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Osmolar Concentration , Protein Conformation , Sodium Chloride , Sulfuric Acids , Temperature , UreaSubject(s)
Caseins , Aniline Compounds , Animals , Calcium , Carbamates , Cattle , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Drug Stability , Electrophoresis , Energy Transfer , Esters , Fluorescence , Glycine , Imines , Lysine , Naphthalenes , Protein Conformation , Sulfonic Acids , ThiocyanatesABSTRACT
The total number of substantive articles published in a random group of U. S. biomedical journals increased 34 percent from 1957 through 1962 and 52 percent from 1952 through 1962. Likewise, the total number of subscriptions increased 28 percent from 1957 through 1962 and 47 percent from 1952 through 1962. On the other hand, the rise in the number of preprints and reprints distributed reached its peak from 1952 to 1957 (37 percent); by 1962 the rate had declined, with an increase of only 4 percent from 1957 to 1962 and thus of only 43 percent for the entire period, 1952 through 1962. Replies from publishers indicate that at present the provision of preprints and reprints is merely a service in the case of almost 90 percent of the journal titles and not an enterprise undertaken for significant profit. The cause of the decline in offprint distribution should be investigated.
