Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: MRI findings in 2 patients.

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy is a form of cranial neuralgia and rare source of pediatric headache. We present 2 children who presented with headaches accompanied by visual symptoms including eye pain, blurry vision, and diplopia. MRI in both patients demonstrated enhancement of the cisternal segment of the oculomotor nerve in the affected side, correlating with the observed symptoms.

Imaging findings of Menkes disease, a radiographic mimic of abusive trauma.

Menkes disease is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by impaired copper absorption and transport. Presented here is a case of a 12-week-old male who presented with hypotonia and multiple metaphyseal fractures. Further imaging and workup revealed a diagnosis of Menkes disease. While nonaccidental trauma is a much more common cause of metaphyseal bone fractures, encephalopathy, and subdural hematomas in infants, Menkes syndrome should be considered in the setting of corroborating signs and symptoms, as early diagnosis and treatment can delay progression of the disease.

MRI findings of metronidazole neurotoxicity in a pediatric patient with chronic diarrhea.

Neurotoxicity is a rare side effect of metronidazole therapy. Shown here are findings of metronidazole toxicity in a patient, who received chronic metronidazole as prophylaxis for pseudomembranous colitis following bowel resection as an infant. Findings depicted include increased T2 signal in the dentate nuclei and brainstem. Discontinuing the medication resulted in reversal of the findings.