Demographic and clinical characterization of pediatric group patients with inborn errors of the immune system in a Colombian tertiary hospital

Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a growing increase in the diagnosis of patients with inborn errors of the immune system, formerly known as primary immunodeficiency dis-orders (PIDs). Timely diagnosis remains a challenge due to low clinical suspicion and poor edu-cation on the subject. It is estimated that between 70% and 90% of these pathologies remain underdiagnosed in our environment.Objective: The objective of this study is to characterize the demographic and clinical presen-tation of pediatric group patients with inborn errors of the immune system in a Colombian tertiary hospital.Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of 306 patients with a diagnosis of innate errors of the immune system who consulted the PID clinic between 2011 and 2018 in a high-complexity institution in Cali, Colombia.Results: Three-hundred and six patients were included. The median age was 4 years (IQR 2.3–7.7 years), and 59.5% of the patients were male. According to the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee for Primary Immunodeficiency classification for inborn errors of the immune system, the most common group was antibody deficiency in 74.8% (n=229), especially in the age group between 1 and 5 years. The least frequent in our pop-ulation was complement deficiency. Of the warning signs stipulated for these pathologies, the most frequent were the (1) need for intravenous antibiotics (32%), (2) difficulty growing (15.7%), (3) four or more episodes of ear infection (10.8%), and (4) abscesses in organs or cuta-neous abscesses (12.7%). No patient reported two or more episodes of pneumonia or sinusitis, and only 5.8% of the patients received a bone marrow transplant (AU)

Effect of chlorhexidine baths on central-line-associated bloodstream infections in a neonatal intensive care unit in a developing country.

Healthcare-associated infections, particularly central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), are worrisome in neonates. This study describes the impact of chlorhexidine baths on CLABSI rates in a neonatal intensive care unit in a developing country, through a quasi-experimental study undertaken over 62 months (January 2012 to February 2017) divided into two periods: before and after the implementation of a protocol for chlorhexidine baths in July 2014. The rate of CLABSIs per 1000 central-line-days decreased from 8.64 to 4.28 after implementation of the protocol. The use of chlorhexidine baths appears to reduce the number of CLABSIs in neonates.

Experiencias adversas de la infancia en una muestra de pacientes con enfermedad crónica en Cali-Colombia / Adverse childhood experiences in a sample of patients with chronic diseases in Cali, Colombia / Experiências adversas da infância em uma amostra de pacientes com doença crônica em Cali-Colômbia

Objetivo: evaluar la frecuencia de Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia (EAI) y las características sociodemográficas de la población con enfermedad crónica. Metodología: se condujo un estudio tipo corte transversal descriptivo, en el que se entrevistaron 121 pacientes mayores de 18 años de edad con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles que acudieron a consulta externa de Medicina Interna en la Fundación Valle del Lili entre septiembre de 2015 y diciembre de 2015. A los participantes les aplicaron escalas validadas para evaluar EAI y otras variables clínicas de interés. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los datos. Resultados: de los participantes, el 69.4% estaba conformado por mujeres, la mediana de edad de los participantes fue 62 años con un RIQ de 50 a 72 años. Se encontró que el 64% de los encuestados presentó por lo menos un tipo de EAI, y el 23% presentó cuatro o más EAI y el abuso físico y la separación parental son los más frecuentes (32% y 23%, respectivamente). Conclusiones: las Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia son eventos prevalentes en nuestra población; sin embargo, no se les ha prestado la atención debida. Se necesitan más estudios para medir el impacto real a corto y a largo plazo, con las implicaciones respectivas para nuestro sistema de salud.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the sociodemographic characteristics of the population with chronic disease. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted with 121 patients over age 18 with non-communicable, chronic diseases that sought internal medicine outpatient services at Fundación Valle del Lili from September to December of 2015. Validated scales to assess ACEs and other clinical variables of interest were applied to patients. Descriptive analysis of the data was conducted. Results: Of the participants, 69.4% was female; the median age was 62 years, with an IQR of 50 to 72 years. It was found that 64% of those surveyed presented at least one type of ACE, and 23% presented four or more ACEs, while physical abuse and parental separation were the most frequent (32% and 23%, respectively). Conclusions: Adverse Childhood Experiences are prevalent events in our population; however, such events have not received the attention needed. Further studies are warranted to measure the short- and long-term actual impact, with the respective implications for our health system.

Objetivo: avaliar a frequência de Experiências Adversas da Infância (EAI) e as características sócio-demográficas da população com doença crônica. Metodologia: se conduz um estudo tipo corte transversal descritivo, no qual se entrevistaram 121 pacientes maiores de 18 anos de idade com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que procuraram a consulta externa de Medicina Interna na Fundación Valle del Lili entre setembro de 2015 e dezembro de 2015. Aos participantes lhes aplicaram escalas validadas para avaliar EAI e outras variáveis clínicas de interesse. Se realizou uma análise descritivo dos dados. Resultados: dos participantes, 69.4% estava conformado por mulheres, a idade média dos participantes foi de 62 anos com um RIQ de 50 a 72 anos. Se encontrou que 64% dos entrevistados apresentou pelo menos um tipo de EAI, e 23% apresentou quatro ou mais EAI e o abuso físico e a separação parental são os mais frequentes (32% e 23%, respectivamente). Conclusões: as Experiências Adversas da Infância são eventos prevalentes na nossa população; porém, não se há dado a atenção devida. Se necessitam mais estudos para medir o impacto real a curto e a longo prazo, com as implicações respectivas para nosso sistema de saúde.