Association of self-efficacy and mental toughness with sport performance in Brazilian futsal athletes.

Introduction: Self-efficacy is considered a component of mental toughness, but there are few studies investigating the relationship of sport self-efficacy with mental toughness in performance athletes, especially in team sports. Objective: The objective was to examine the impact of sport self-efficacy mediated by mental toughness on the sport performance of Brazilian futsal athletes. Methods: The sample was composed of five adult male teams participating in the National Futsal League 2020, totaling 77 athletes. As instruments, we used: athlete identification sheet, Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale in Sports (PSES), Mental Toughness Index (MTI) questionnaire and the performance data from the National Futsal League 2020 (NFL). The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney "U" test, Spearman's correlation, network analysis (LASSO), with the indicators of centrality: strength, proximity and degree of intermediation (p < 0.05). Results: The results showed that the investigated sample presented high levels of Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale in Sports (PSES) (Md = 4.66) and mental toughness (MT) (Md = 6.44). PSES presented a positive relationship with the number of wins, and negative relationships with the number of red cards and wrong passes (r = -0.08). MT indirectly influenced these variables through its connection with PSES (r = 0.30). The best ranked teams presented higher amounts of goals for, fouls, shots on goal, tackles, assists, and wins. The time of practice revealed an inverse relationship with the number of defeats, while age was positively related to the number of wrong passes (r = 0.09). The centrality indicators showed that the number of games stood out as the most central variable in the network, due to its degree of strength, proximity and intermediation. Moreover, the high degree of proximity and intermediation of the tackles made presented a connection with the number of assists (γ = 0.25; n = 77). Conclusion: We can conclude that sport self-efficacy and mental toughness are intervening factors in the sport performance of Brazilian futsal athletes.

Impacto dos traços de perfeccionismo na percepção de coesão de grupo de jogadores de futsal / Impacto de los rasgos de perfeccionismo en la percepción de cohesión grupal de los jugadores de fútbol sala / The impact of perfectionism traits on perceived team cohesion of futsal players

O objetivo desse estudo transversal foi investigar a relação entre os traços de perfeccionismo e a percepção de coesão de grupo em atletas de futsal. Participaram 301 atletas da Liga Nacional de Futsal 2013 com média de idade de 25,48±4,90 anos. Os instrumentos foram: Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo para o Esporte-2 e o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo. Para análise foi conduzida por meio dos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, MANOVA, Correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram que os traços de perfeccionismo adaptativo se associaram positivamente com a coesão social dos atletas das equipes não classificadas para a fase final da competição. Os traços de perfeccionismo mal adaptativo se associaram negativamente com a coesão social e para tarefa, com exceção da “pressão parental percebida” que apresentou uma predição positiva em todos os grupos de atletas na coesão social e para tarefa. Os atletas não classificados apresentaram maior escore de coesão para tarefa, e os reservas apresentaram maior coesão social. Concluiu-se que existe uma relação positiva entre o perfeccionismo adaptativo e a percepção de coesão social em atletas não classificados, além de uma relação negativa entre as dimensões de perfeccionismo mal adaptativo e a coesão de grupo. (AU)

This cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between the traits of perfectionism and the perception of group cohesion in futsal athletes. 301 athletes from the 2013 National Futsal League participated with an average age of 25.48 ± 4.90 years. The instruments were: Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale for Sport-2 and the Group Environment Questionnaire. For analysis, it was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, MANOVA, Pearson correlation and Multiple Regression tests (p<0,05). The results showed that the traits of adaptive perfectionism positively predicted social cohesion for unclassified athletes. Meanwhile, the perfectionist concerns traits of poorly adaptive perfectionism can negatively predict social and task cohesion, with the exception of “perceived parental pressure” which showed a positive prediction in all groups of athletes for social and task cohesion. Unclassified athletes had a higher perception of cohesion for the task, while reserves had a higher perception of social aspects. Thus, we can conclude that there is a positive relationship between adaptive perfectionism and the perception of social cohesion in unclassified athletes, in addition to a negative relationship between the dimensions of poorly adaptive perfectionism and group cohesion. (AU)

El objetivo de este estudio transversal fue investigar la relación entre los rasgos de perfeccionismo y la percepción de cohesión grupal en deportistas de fútbol sala. Participaron 301 deportistas de la Liga Nacional de Fútsal 2013 con una edad media de 25,48 ± 4,90 años. Los instrumentos fueron: Escala de Perfeccionismo Multidimensional para el Deporte-2 y Cuestionario de Ambiente Grupal. Para el análisis se realizó con las pruebas de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, MANOVA, Correlación de Pearson y Regresión Múltiple (p <0,05). Los resultados mostraron que los rasgos del perfeccionismo adaptativo predijeron positivamente la cohesión social para los atletas no clasificados. Mientras tanto, el perfeccionista se preocupa por los rasgos de perfeccionismo poco adaptativo que pueden predecir negativamente la cohesión social y de tareas, con la excepción de la "presión parental percibida", que presentó una predicción positiva en todos los grupos de atletas para la cohesión social y de tareas. Los deportistas no clasificados tenían una mayor percepción de cohesión para la tarea, mientras que los reservas tenían una mayor percepción de los aspectos sociales. Así, podemos concluir que existe una relación positiva entre el perfeccionismo adaptativo y la percepción de cohesión social en deportistas no clasificados, además de una relación negativa entre las dimensiones del perfeccionismo pobremente adaptativo y la cohesión grupal. (AU)

Do Perfectionism Traits Predict Team Cohesion and Group Conflict Among Youth Athletes?

In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the predictive power of perfectionism on 413 Brazilian athletes' perceptions of team cohesion and conflict. Participants responded to the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2, the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire, and the Group Conflict Questionnaire. In data analysis, we used Pearson correlations, multiple regression, latent profile analysis (LPA), and multiple analysis of variance. Regression analysis revealed that perfectionistic standards were positively associated with both task and social cohesion (p < .01), while doubts about action were negatively associated with task cohesion (p < .01). Furthermore, concern over mistakes, parental pressure, and doubts about action were positively associated with social conflict (p < .01), and concern over mistakes was positively associated with task conflict (p < .01). LPA revealed two profiles of perfectionism that we termed perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic striving. Perfectionistic striving was positively correlated with social cohesion (p < .001), and perfectionistic concerns were positively correlated with both task conflict (p < .001) and social conflict (p < .001).

Psychometric properties of the Purpose in Life Scale in Brazilian older adults / Propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Propósito de Vida entre idosos brasileiros

Objective: This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Purpose in Life Scale in a sample of Brazilian older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study applied the scale to 309 older adults (mean age = 69.33 ± 7.47 years) residing in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Data analysis was conducted through confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and factor invariance (p < 0.05). Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that items 2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 had a factor loading below 0.50 and should be excluded. The 1-factor model with 5 items showed acceptable reliability. Multigroup analysis revealed that the configurational, metric, and structural invariance of the 1-factor model with 5 items was acceptable for both men and women. Conclusion: Although the Brazilian version of Purpose in Life Scale presented acceptable psychometric properties in a reduced model with 5 items, there were limitations that should be explored in the future.

Objetivo: Este estudo investigou as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Propósito de Vida em idosos brasileiros. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com 309 idosos (média de idade = 69,33 ± 7,47 anos) residentes na cidade de Maringá, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foi utilizada a Escala de Propósito de Vida. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA), alfa de Cronbach, confiabilidade composta e invariância fatorial (p < 0,05). Resultados: O CFA revelou que os itens 2, 3, 5, 6 e 9 apresentaram carga fatorial abaixo de 0,50 e devem ser excluídos. O modelo de um fator com cinco itens apresentou ajuste aceitável. A análise multigrupo revelou que a invariância configuracional, métrica e estrutural do modelo de um fator com cinco itens era aceitável para homens e mulheres. Conclusão: A versão brasileira da Escala de Propósito de Vida apresentou propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis em um modelo reduzido, com cinco itens; no entanto, mostrou limitações que devem ser exploradas no futuro. Palavras-chave: envelhecimento; qualidade de vi

A qualidade do relacionamento com o treinador é importante para a motivação tanto de meninos quanto de meninas no esporte escolar? / Is the quality of the relationship with the coach important for boys and girls in school sports?

Este estudo transversal investigou a associação entre a percepção da qualidade do relacionamento treinador-atleta (RTA) e as regulações comportamentais de estudantes-atletas. Participaram 301 estudantes-atletas, com idade entre 14 e 17 anos, inscritos na fase estadual dos jogos escolares de Pernambuco. Os instrumentos foram o Questionário de Relacionamento Treinador-Atleta (CART-Q) e a Escala de Motivação para o Esporte II (SMS-II). Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Correlação de Spearman e a Análise de Equações Estruturais (p<0,05). Evidenciou-se que as dimensões da qualidade do RTA apresentaram associação significativa (p<0,05) e negativa com a desmotivação dos meninos, explicando 16% de sua variância. Já a dimensão de comprometimento apresentou associação significativa e positiva com a regulação integrada (3%), e a complementaridade apresentou associação positiva com a regulação intrínseca (9%). Em relação às meninas, as dimensões do RTA explicaram positivamente 16% da variância da regulação identificada, 10% da regulação integrada e 9% da regulação intrínseca. A qualidade do RTA é um fator protetor contra a desmotivação no sexo masculino e potencializador da motivação autodeterminada principalmente no sexo feminino.

This cross-sectional study investigated the relations between the perceived coach-athlete relationship (CAR) quality and the motivational regulations. Participants were 301 student-athletes, aged between 14 and 17 years old, participating in the state phase of the School Games. The Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) and the Sport Motivation Scale II (SMS-II) were used as instruments. For data analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Spearman's correlation and the Structural Equation Analysis (p <0.05) were applied. The CAR quality (Closeness, Commitment and Complementarity) was significantly and negatively associated with boys' amotivation, explaining 16% of its variance, in addition, the Commitment showed a significant association with the Integrated Regulation (3%) and Complementarity was associated with Intrinsic Regulation (9%). As for girls, CAR dimensions explained 16% of the variance of the Identified Regulation, 10% Integrated Regulation and 9% Intrinsic Regulation. The CAR quality seems to be a protective factor against amotivation in males and a potential for self-determined motivation in females.

Transcultural Adaptation and Psychometric Proprieties of the Mental Toughness Inventory for Brazilian Athletes.

This study has assessed the psychometric proprieties of the Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI) within the context of Brazilian sports. About 12 professionals participated in the process of adapting and translating the scale to Brazilian Portuguese. Subjects were 575 athletes (23.54 ± 5.79 years old; 58% males) who answered the MTI and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10). Data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha (α), composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), Spearman correlation, and model invariance tests. Results from CFA showed adequate fit for the original 8-item structure of the scale [Chi-square (χ2) = 27.041; p = 0.078; normalized chi-square (χ2/df) = 1.50; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.988; Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.981; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.03 [0.00-0.05]; standardized root mean residual (SRMR) = 0.030] assessing mental toughness (MT) as a single factor and the scale presented satisfactory internal consistency (CR = 0.81; α = 0.82). MT was correlated with resilience (r = 0.607), age (r = 0.276), and time of experience in the sport (r = 0.215). The MTI has also shown partial measurement invariance for sex and complete invariance across sport types. It was concluded that the MTI is a suitable tool for assessing MT in the present sample of Brazilian athletes; this instrument has potential practical application for researchers and sports psychologists who seek to develop the well-being and performance of athletes.

Dispositional Flow and Performance in Brazilian Triathletes.

Flow is a mental state characterized by total immersion and focus in an activity; performing it pleasurably. Such a state is considered optimal for performance. The present study analyzed the relationship between dispositional flow and performance in triathletes. The sample consisted of 328 athletes (294 males and 34 females; mean age of 37.42 ± 7.18 years) competing in the Ironman Brazil - Florianópolis - South American Championship 2017. Instruments were an identification sheet, the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS-2) and athletes' total race times. Data were analyzed using R, through the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Mann-Whitney's U, Spearman Correlation, and Network Analysis [Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)], using strength, closeness, and betweenness as centrality measurements. Results show a positive correlation between age and practice time (r = 0.34), inverse relationship between practice time and total race time (r = -0.25), and inverse correlations between race time and 05 of the 09 flow dimensions (r between -0.17 and -0.11), suggesting better performances were related to more practice time and higher disposition to flow. Flow conditions, flow characteristics, individual characteristics, and performance were separately grouped in the network structure. Challenge-skill balance was the most influential node, with the highest closeness and betweenness values; challenge-skill balance, clear goals, control, and action-awareness merge directly influenced better race times. Sample's top 50 performers had significantly higher disposition to challenge-skill balance, clear goals, control and feedback. Practical implications of flow mechanisms are discussed. Dispositional flow was positively related to objective performance in Brazilian triathletes.

Educação física e satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas em escolares de Maputo-Moçambique / Physical education and basic needs satisfaction in students from Maputo/Moçambique / Educación física y satisfacción de las necesidades psicológica básicas en escolares de Maputo/ Mozambique

Nopresente estudo objetivou-se analisar o nível de associação entre a satisfação das necessi-dades psicológicas básicas e o interesse dos estudantes pelas aulas de educação física. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 279 alunos (15,54±2,17 anos; 86 meninos e 193 meninas) de escolas pú-blicas da cidade de Maputo/Moçambique, matriculados entre o 8º e 12º ano, que responderam a uma Ficha de Caracterização e à Escala de Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas no Exercício. Os dados foram analisados através dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Qui-Quadrado, e Regres-são Logística Binária. Encontrou-se associação positiva entre a satisfação da necessidade de competência e o interesse pelas aulas de educação física (RC=4,10). Conclui-se que usar es-tratégias de ensino que valorizem o sentimento de competência pode ser importante para a-primorar a motivação para a prática de exercícios físicos.

Present study aimed to analyze the association level between basic needs satisfaction and the interest for physical education classes. Study subjectswere 279 students (15.54±2.17 years; 86 boys and 193 girls) from public schools of Maputo/Mozambique, from the 8thto the 12thyear, who answered a Characterization Survey and the Basic Psychological Needs in Exer-cise. Data were analyzed through Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi-Square test and Binary Lo-gistic Regression. A positive association was found between the satisfaction of the basic need of competence and the interest for physical education classes (OR=4.10). It's concluded that using educational strategies that value the feeling of competence in children might be an im-portant to enhance these individuals' motivation for physical exercise practice.

Lo presente estudio se objetivó a analizar lo nivel de asociación entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y lo interés por las aulas de educación física. Fueran sujetosdel estudio279 estudiantes (15,54±2,17 años, 86 niños y 193 niñas) de escuelas públicas de Maputo-Mozambique, registrados entre lo 8º y 12º año, que responderán a una Ficha de Ca-racterización y à Escala de Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas no Ejercicio. Los datos fueran analizados a través de los testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Qui-Cuadrado y Regresión Logística Binaria. Fue encontrada asociación positiva entre la satisfacción de la necesidad de competen-cia y lo interés por las aulas de educación física (RC=4,10). Se concluye que utilizar estrate-gias de enseñanza que valoren lo sentimiento de competencia puede ser importante para mejo-rar la motivación para práctica de ejercicios físicos.

Effect of the coaches' leadership style perceived by athletes on team cohesion among elite Brazilian futsal players / Efecto del estilo de liderazgo de los entrenadores percibido por los atletas sobre la cohesión del equipe entre jugadores brasileños de futsal de élite / Efeito do estilo de liderança do treinador percebido pelos atletas na coesão de grupo em jogadores brasileiros de futsal

This study investigated the effect of the coach leadership style as perceived by athletes on team cohesion among elite futsal athletes. Participants were 120 athletes from the top-8 teams participating in the Paraná’s state Professional League 2013. Instruments used were the Leadership in Sport Scale and the Group Environment Questionnaire. For data analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling were conducted, as well as Latent Profile Analysis. Results showed significant relationships between leadership style and both social (10%) and task cohesion (31%); in addition, the coach leadership style perceived by athletes characterized as democratic and based on social support, reinforcement and training-instruction influenced positively task cohesion (FL=0.55) and moderately social cohesion (FL=0.31). It is concluded that, for the futsal from the state of Parana, the coach’s leadership style based on democratic, reinforcement, social support and training-instruction behaviours is determinant to the development of task cohesion, however, does not have the same strong influence in social cohesion

Este estudio investigó el efecto del estilo de liderazgo del entrenador percibido por los atletas sobre la cohesión del equipo entre los atletas de futsal de élite. Los participantes fueron 120 atletas de los ocho mejores equipos que participaran en la Liga Profesional del estado de Paraná-Brasil en 2013. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Liderazgo en el Deporte y el Cuestionario de Medio Ambiente Grupal. Para los análisis de datos, se realizaron análisis factorial confirmatoria, modelado de ecuaciones estructurales y análisis de perfil latente. Los resultados mostraron relaciones significativas entre el estilo de liderazgo y la cohesión social (10%) y la cohesión para tarea (31%); Además, el estilo de liderazgo del entrenador percibido por los atletas caracterizados como democráticos y basados en el apoyo social, el refuerzo y la instrucción de entrenamiento influyó positivamente en la cohesión de la tarea (FL = 0,55) y la cohesión social moderada (FL = 0,31). Se concluye que, para el futsal del estado de Paraná, el estilo de liderazgo del entrenador basado en comportamientos democráticos, de refuerzo, de apoyo social y de instrucción de entrenamiento es determinante para el desarrollo de la cohesión de la tarea, sin embargo, no tiene la misma influencia fuerte en la cohesión social

Este estudo investigou o efeito do estilo de liderança do treinador, como percebido pelos atletas, sobre a coesão de grupo de atletas de futsal de elite. A amostra foi composta por 120 atletas das oito melhores equipes participantes da Série Ouro do Campeonato Paranaense de Futsal em 2013. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Liderança no Esporte e o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo. Para análise dos dados foram conduzidas a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, Modelagem de Equações Estruturais e Análise de Perfil Latente. Os resultados mostraram relações significativas entre o estilo de liderança e a coesão social (10%) e coesão para tarefa (31%); além disso, o estilo de liderança do treinador, percebido pelos atletas, caracterizado como democrático e baseado no apoio social, no reforço e no treino-instrução influenciou positivamente a coesão para tarefa (FL = 0,55) e a coesão social (FL = 0,31). Concluiu-se que, para o futsal do estado do Paraná, o estilo de liderança do treinado baseado em comportamentos democráticos, de reforço, de apoio social e instrução ao treinamento é determinante para o desenvolvimento de coesão voltada a tarefa, entretanto, não tem a mesma influência forte na coesão social

Impact of resilience on stress and recovery in athletes / Impacto da resiliência no estresse e na recuperação de atletas / Impacto de la resiliencia en lo estrés y la recuperación de atletas

INTRODUCTION: Resilience is a positive psychological characteristic that reflects an individual's capacity to better perceive, deal with, and overcome adversity; the sports environment is replete with adversities, which increase athletes' stress levels and may lead to undesirable outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of resilience levels on stress and recovery in athletes. METHODS: Subjects were 150 athletes (aged 22.46 ± 5.97) of both sexes (92 men and 58 women) who competed in the 2012 Paraná Open Games in different sports (107 in team and 43 in individual sports). Instruments were the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire (RESTQ-76 Sport) and a resilience questionnaire (CD-RISC-10). The following tests were used for data analysis: Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Spearman Correlation Coefficient and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). RESULTS: The model significantly explained stress and recovery variability in 20% and 22%, respectively; age-predicted resilience was 11%; the model invariance test indicated a significant influence of sex and type of sport (multi-group analysis). CONCLUSION: Resilience plays an essential role in coping with and recovering from stress in competitive sports contexts, which is considered a determinant of success. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective study.

INTRODUÇÃO: Resiliência é uma característica psicológica positiva que reflete a capacidade de um indivíduo melhor perceber, lidar e superar adversidades; o ambiente esportivo é repleto de adversidades que aumentam os níveis de estresse dos atletas, podendo levar a consequências indesejadas. OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto dos níveis de resiliência no estresse e na recuperação de atletas. MÉTODOS: Os participantes foram 150 atletas (22,46 ± 5,97 anos) de ambos os sexos (92 homens e 58 mulheres), que competiram na fase final dos Jogos Abertos do Paraná 2012 de diferentes tipos de esporte (107 de modalidades coletivas e 43 de modalidades individuais). Os instrumentos usados foram o Questionário de Estresse e Recuperação (RESTQ-76 Sport) e um questionário de resiliência (CD-RISC 10). Para análise dos dados, foram usados os seguintes testes: de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (SEM). RESULTADOS: O modelo explicou significativamente a variabilidade do estresse e recuperação em 20% e 22%, respectivamente; a resiliência foi prevista pela idade em 11%; o teste de invariância do modelo indicou uma influência significativa do sexo e tipo de esporte (análise multigrupo). CONCLUSÃO: A resiliência tem um papel fundamental ao lidar e recuperar-se do estresse em contextos esportivos competitivos, o que é considerado um fator determinante do sucesso. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo retrospectivo.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Resiliencia es una característica psicológica positiva que refleja la capacidad de un individuo a percibir, enfrentar y superar las adversidades; el ambiente deportivo es rico en adversidades, las que aumentan los niveles de estrés de los atletas, pudiendo llevar a consecuencias no deseadas. OBJETIVO: Analizar el impacto de los niveles de resiliencia en el estrés y recuperación de atletas. MÉTODOS: Los sujetos estudiados fueron 150 atletas (22.46 ± 5.97 años) que disputaron los Juegos Abiertos de Paraná 2012, de ambos sexos (92 hombres y 58 mujeres) y diferentes deportes (107 de deportes colectivos y 43 de deportes individuales). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron los Cuestionarios de Estrés y Recuperación (RESTQ-76 Sport) y un cuestionario de resiliencia (CD-RISC 10). Para el análisis de los datos fueron utilizados para los siguientes test: Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Coeficiente de Correlación de Spearman y Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM). RESULTADOS: El modelo explicó significativamente la variación del estrés y recuperación en 20% y 22%, respectivamente; la resiliencia fue prevista por la edad en 11%; el test de invariancia del modelo indicó una influencia significativa del sexo y tipo de deporte (análisis multigrupo). CONCLUSIÓN: La resiliencia tiene un papel fundamental en el enfrentamiento y recuperación del estrés en contextos deportivos competitivos, lo que se considera un factor determinante para el éxito. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudio retrospectivo.

Psychometric Properties of Dispositional Hope Scale for Brazilian Sport Context.

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dispositional Hope Scale (DHS) for the Brazilian sport context. The sample for construct validity consisted of 474 athletes; internal validity was assessed with 101 athletes; and external validity was tested in 81 athletes, from which, were 55 had further participated in the temporal stability assessment. Data analysis was conducted through the following tests: Cronbach's alpha, Composite Reliability (CR), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Spearman Correlation Coefficient and intraclass correlation. Results had shown that the DHS presents satisfactory internal consistency (.79 ≤ α ≤ .83; .58 ≤ r ≤ .75). The EFA model revealed a two-factor solution to be the most adequate, while CFA confirmed such model (χ2= 59.88; p .50). Temporal stability was achieved (ICC > .70). It was concluded that the DHS is a valid measure for the assessment of hope in Brazilian sports context; this instrument has potential practical applications for professionals working with Sport Psychology.

Resilience, stress and injuries in the context of the Brazilian elite rhythmic gymnastics.

The study had the goal to study the relationship between resilience, stress and injuries in the sport context. Eight female athletes, part of the Rhythmic Gymnastics Brazilian Team along the Olympic Cycle 2015-2016 participated in the study, with a mean age of 20.4±2.5 years. The following instruments were used: RESTQ-76 Sport, CD-RISC 10, documental analysis of physical therapy records, and structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation); Repeated Measured ANOVA with Bonferroni's post-hoc, Student's "t" test, Friedman test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Cohen's d, and inductive thematic analysis. We found relatively stable levels of stress and recovery across the season; total recovery levels were higher than stress at all four measured timepoints (p<0.05); All athletes had at least one injury, with a total of 14 injuries; No significant correlations were found between the quantitative scores of resilience, stress and recovery; Training and the sport's scoring system were the most relevant perceived stressors; athletes presented meta-cognition and a non-positive evaluation (neutral) of stressors; Social support was considered the main psychological factor for the resilience process; such process resulted in improved control and interpretation of emotions; Our hypothesized model proposes that, in the relationship between stress and injuries, resilience acts by optimizing the injury recovery process. It was concluded that resilience plays a role in the process of injury rehabilitation and stress control in elite rhythmic gymnastics' athletes.

Psychometric properties of dispositional hope scale for Brazilian sport context

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dispositional Hope Scale (DHS) for the Brazilian sport context. The sample for construct validity consisted of 474 athletes; internal validity was assessed with 101 athletes; and external validity was tested in 81 athletes, from which, were 55 had further participated in the temporal stability assessment. Data analysis was conducted through the following tests: Cronbach's alpha, Composite Reliability (CR), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Spearman Correlation Coefficient and intraclass correlation. Results had shown that the DHS presents satisfactory internal consistency (.79 ≤ α ≤ .83; .58 ≤ r ≤ .75). The EFA model revealed a two-factor solution to be the most adequate, while CFA confirmed such model (χ2= 59.88; p< .001; χ2/df = 3.15; CFI = .90; AGFI = .94; TLI = .90; RMSEA = .07 CI [.05, .08]). The hope dimensions were positively correlated with Self-esteem (r > .50). Temporal stability was achieved (ICC > .70). It was concluded that the DHS is a valid measure for the assessment of hope in Brazilian sports context; this instrument has potential practical applications for professionals working with Sport Psychology

No disponible

Investigation of the emotional and psychological factors of elderly persons frequenting ballroom dancing clubs / Investigação dos fatores psicológicos e emocionais de idosos frequentadores de clubes de dança de salão

Abstract Objective: the present study investigated the psychological and emotional factors of elderly persons who practiced ballroom dancing. Method: the sample consisted of 93 elderly people who attended ballroom dancing clubs in the city of Maringá, in Paraná, Brazil. The Perceived Stress Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, Life Satisfaction Scale and the SF-12 questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (data normality), Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests (comparison of psychological variables according to sociodemographic and health variables), Spearman Correlation and Multivariate Linear Regression (relationship between variables). Results: there was a predominance of a good perception of health (69.9%); adequate values ​​of life satisfaction (Md=27.00, Q1=25.00, Q3=30.00) and self-esteem (Md=31.00, Q1=30.00, Q3=32.00); as well as physical (Md=59.40, Q1=50.00, Q3=62.50); and mental health perception (Md=71.90, Q1=62.50, Q3=78.12). Low levels of anxiety (Md=6.00, Q1=3.00, Q3=12.00) and depression (Md=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=4.00), and a perception of moderate levels of stress (Md=20.00, Q1=13.50, Q3=24.50) were also found. Elderly people with a good perception of health were more satisfied with life and had higher self-esteem and lower levels of anxiety, stress and depression than those with poor/regular perception; anxiety (β= -0.32) and depression (β= -0.15) had a negative impact on life satisfaction, predicting its variability by 21%. Conclusion: the elderly had a healthy profile, and anxiety and depression were the main psychological and emotional factors that negatively influenced the satisfaction with life of these elderly people. AU

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo investigou os fatores psicológicos e emocionais de idosos praticantes de dança de salão. Método: A amostra foi composta por 93 idosos que frequentavam clubes de dança na cidade de Maringá, PR, Brasil. Foram utilizados a Escala de Estresse Percebido, Escala de Autoestima, Inventário de Ansiedade Geriátrica, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e o questionário SF-12. Para análise dos dados foram utilizados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (normalidade dos dados), U de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis (comparação das variáveis psicológicas em função das variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde), Correlação de Spearman e Regressão Linear Multivariada (relação entre as variáveis). Resultados: Observou-se predomínio de boa percepção de saúde (69,9%); valores adequados de satisfação com a vida (Md=27,00; Q1=25,00; Q3=30,00); autoestima (Md=31,00; Q1=30,00; Q3=32,00); e percepção de saúde física (Md=59,40; Q1=50,00; Q3=62,50); e mental (Md=71,90; Q1=62,50; Q3=78,12); além de baixos níveis de ansiedade (Md=6,00; Q1=3,00; Q3=12,00) e depressão (Md=3,00; Q1=2,00; Q3=4,00); e percepção de moderados níveis de estresse (Md=20,00; Q1=13,50; Q3=24,50). Idosos com boa percepção de saúde mostraram-se mais satisfeitos com a vida, possuem maior autoestima e menores níveis de ansiedade, estresse e depressão quando comparados àqueles com percepção ruim/regular; a ansiedade (β= -0,32) e a depressão (β= -0,15) apresentaram impacto negativo sobre a satisfação com a vida, predizendo sua variabilidade em 21%. Conclusão: Os idosos apresentaram perfil saudável, sendo que a ansiedade e a depressão foram os principais fatores psicológicos e emocionais a influenciar negativamente a satisfação com a vida desses idosos. AU

The impact of the quality of life perception on the self-esteem of physically active adults / Impacto da percepção de qualidade de vida na autoestima de adultos fisicamente ativos

This study aimed at investigating the impact of the quality of life perception on the self-esteem of physically active adults. A total of 63 male and female swimming practitioners (38.13 ± 11.72) were evaluated. A socio -demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-Bref Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as tools. For data analysis the descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, and the Univariate Multiple Regression were used. No significant differences were found either for the quality of life or the self- esteem between sexes; there was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) among the physical (r = 0.37), psychological (r = 0.36) and environmental (r = 0.30) domains with self-esteem. The regression model explained 20% of the self-esteem variability, with moderate and significant pathways of the physical (ß = 0.23) and psychological (ß = 0.23) domains, whereas the environmental domain did not show a significant predictive relation (p = 0.988) with self-esteem. It is concluded that a higher quality of life perception may result in a higher self-esteem for physically active adults.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da percepção de qualidade de vida na autoestima de adultos fisicamente ativos. Foram avaliados 63 sujeitos praticantes de natação de ambos os sexos (38,13 ± 11,72); como instrumento foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico, WHOQOL-Bref, e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg; para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e os testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, 'U' de Mann-Whitney, Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman e Regressão Múltipla Univariada. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para QV e AE entre os sexos; houve correlação positiva significativa (p < 0,05) entre os domínios físico (r = 0,37), psicológico (r = 0,36), e meio ambiente (r = 0,30) com a autoestima; o modelo de regressão explicou em 20% a variabilidade da autoestima, com trajetórias moderadas e significativas dos domínios físico (ß=0,23) e psicológico (ß=0,23), já o domínio meio ambiente não apresentou relação preditiva significativa (p=0,988) com a autoestima. Conclui-se que a maior percepção de qualidade de vida pode resultar em maior autoestima para adultos fisicamente ativos.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian coach-athlete relationship questionnaire (CART-Q) - Athlete Version / Adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas do questionário de relacionamento treinador-atleta brasileiro (CART-Q) – Versão atleta

Abstract The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) - Athlete Version. For this, three studies were performed. In the first, four translators and five experts in Sport Psychology adapted the CART-Q contents to the Brazilian context. In the second, 364 athletes of individual and collective sports answered the adapted version of CART-Q. In the third, an independent sample of 185 athletes answered the CART-Q and the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) to analyze the external validity of the instrument; and 50 athletes answered the CART-Q in two distinct moments for the analysis of the temporal stability. Study 1 showed that the Portuguese version contains clear and relevant questions (CVC> 0.80). Study 2 showed that the CART-Q presents satisfactory internal consistency (α> 0.70 / CC> 0.70). The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model with 11 items showed good fit [X2/gl = 3.03; CFI = 0.96, GFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.08] and also the existence of the second-order model. Study 3 showed the external (r> 0.40 with variable task orientation) and internal validity (CFA with an independent sample) and temporal stability (ICC> 0.70). It was concluded that the Brazilian version for of CART-Q proved to be valid to evaluate the perception of athletes about their relationship with the coach in the Brazilian sports context.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi testar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q)-Versão Atleta. Para isso, foram realizados três estudos. No primeiro, quatro tradutores e cinco especialistas em Psicologia do Esporte adaptaram o conteúdo do CART-Q para o contexto brasileiro. No segundo, 364 atletas de modalidades esportivas individuais e coletivas responderam a versão adaptada do CART-Q. No terceiro, uma amostra independente de 185 atletas respondeu o CART-Q e o Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) para a análise da validade externa do instrumento; e 50 atletas responderam o CART-Q em dois momentos para a análise da estabilidade temporal. O Estudo 1 evidenciou que a versão em português contém questões claras e relevantes (CVC > 0,80). O Estudo 2 revelou que o CART-Q apresenta consistência interna satisfatória ( α > 0,70/CC > 0,70). A análise fatorial confirmatória revelou que o modelo com 11 itens apresentou ajuste adequado [X2/gl = 3,03; CFI = 0,96, GFI = 0,94; TLI = 0,94; RMSEA = 0,08] e também a existência do modelo de segunda ordem. O Estudo 3 evidenciou a validade externa (r>0,40 com as variáveis de orientação à tarefa) e interna (AFC com uma amostra independente), além da estabilidade temporal (ICC > 0,70). Concluiu-se que a versão para a língua portuguesa do CART-Q se mostrou válida para avaliar a percepção do atleta sobre sua relação com o treinador no contexto esportivo brasileiro.