ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of muscle mass and bone mineral density on markers of mobility in dwelling elderly women. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 99 elderly women, who were 65 years old or above, in Campinas-SP, Brazil. To collect data, we used sociodemographic data, the body mass index (BMI), health status, comorbidities, use of medications, mobility tests (TUG and gait speed) and examinations of the body composition (densitometry with dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry "DXA"). In order to examine the relationship between muscle and bone mass with mobility (gait speed and TUG), we applied the Spearman correlation coefficient.Also was applied the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age and comorbidities. To identify the factors associated with mobility, we used the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The level of significance for statistical tests was P < 0.05. RESULTS: The correlation between sarcopenia and bone mineral density with mobility tests showed a significant relationship only between sarcopenia and TUG (r = 0.277, P = 0.006) in Spearman correlation coefficient. The result of the correlation analysis (ANCOVA) showed that sarcopenia was associated with gait speed (r2 = 0.0636, P = 0.0018) and TUG (r2 = 0.0898, P = 0.0027). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that age (P = 0.034, OR = 1.081) was associated with worse performance on gait speed. By highlighting the TUG test, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that the age (P = 0.004, OR = 1.111) and BMI in overweight (P = 0.011, OR = 7.83) and obese (P < 0.001, OR = 7.84) women were associated with lower performance of the functionality of the lower limbs. CONCLUSION: The findings with regard to mobility tests which were analyzed in this study indicate the association of variables related to the aging process that contribute to the decline in physical performance, for example, age, BMI and sarcopenia.
Subject(s)
Body Composition/physiology , Bone Density/physiology , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Mobility Limitation , Muscle Strength/physiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gait/physiology , Humans , Muscle, Skeletal/physiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Identificar os fatores funcionais associados com o déficit visual em idosos da comunidade. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 96 idosos quanto à acuidade visual por meio da tabela direcional de Snellen e categorizados em relação à baixa visão (acuidade visual <0,3) e visão normal (acuidade visual >0,3). Os fatores funcionais analisados foram: número de quedas, presença de doenças visuais, saúde mental, pela Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), funcionalidade nas atividades diárias pelo Brazilian OARS Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) e a mobilidade funcional pelo Timed Up & Go Test (TUG). A análise inferencial foi realizada por meio dos testes Qui-Quadrado, Mann-Whitney e Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman, considerando α=0,05. RESULTADOS: Apresentaram baixa visão 17,7 por cento (n=17) dos idosos. Em relação aos idosos com visão normal, os idosos com baixa visão apresentaram idade mais avançada (p<0,001), maior número de doenças de olho e anexos (p=0,023), maiores pontuações para humor deprimido (p=0,002), pior equilíbrio no TUG (p=0,003) e maior número de atividades instrumentais de vida diária comprometidas (p=0,009). Na análise de correlação, quanto menor a acuidade visual, maior a idade, o número de quedas, o número de atividades comprometidas e o tempo no TUG. CONCLUSÕES: Os idosos com déficit visual desta amostra exibiram maior comprometimento funcional. Os dados deste estudo contribuem para a elaboração de uma avaliação fisioterapêutica voltada aos aspectos que possam identificar as limitações funcionais dos idosos com déficit visual e, consequentemente, estabelecer um plano terapêutico mais direcionado a sanar as dificuldades no cotidiano desses idosos.
Objective: To identify functional factors associated with visual deficits among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Ninety-six older adults were assessed for visual acuity by means of the Snellen Eye Chart and categorized as low vision (visual acuity < 0.3) or normal vision (visual acuity >0.3). The functional factors analyzed were the number of falls, presence of eye diseases, mental health according to the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), functional status in daily activities according to the Brazilian OARS Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) and functional mobility according to the Timed Up & Go Test (TUG). Inferential analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation coefficient, taking α=0.05. RESULTS: Low vision was found in 17.7 percent (n=17) of the older adults. Compared to the older adults with normal vision, those with low vision had more advanced age (p<0.001) and more eye and adnexa diseases (p=0.023), higher scores for depressed mood (p=0.002), worse balance in the TUG (p=0.003) and higher numbers of impaired instrumental activities of daily living (p=0.009). Lower visual acuity was correlated with more advanced age, greater number of falls, greater number of impaired activities and longer time spent on the TUG. CONCLUSIONS: The visually impaired older adults in this sample showed greater functional impairment. The data from the present study will contribute to the development of physical therapy assessments that can identify functional limitations among visually impaired older adults and thus establish a better therapeutic plan for resolving the daily difficulties of these individuals.
