Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 13 de 13
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
J Clin Lipidol ; 16(1): 75-82, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34848176

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) lower atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event risk. OBJECTIVE: Analyze patient characteristics associated with time to PCSK9i initiation following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: We analyzed characteristics of patients ≥21 years of age in the Marketscan or Medicare databases who initiated a PCSK9i 0-89 days, 90-179 days, or 180-365 days after an AMI between July 2015 and December 2018 (n=1,705). We estimated the cumulative incidence of recurrent ASCVD events before PCSK9i initiation. RESULTS: Overall, 42%, 25%, and 33% of patients who initiated a PCSK9i did so 0-89 days, 90-179 days, and 180-365 days following AMI hospital discharge, respectively. Taking ezetimibe prior to AMI hospitalization and initiating ezetimibe within 30 days after AMI hospital discharge were each associated with a higher likelihood of PCSK9i initiation in the 0-89 days versus 180-365 days post-discharge (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.35-2.49 and 1.76, 95%CI 1.11-2.80, respectively). Statin use before and statin initiation within 30 days after AMI hospitalization were associated with a lower likelihood of PCSK9i initiation 0-89 days versus 180-365 days post-discharge (adjusted OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.49-0.84 and 0.39, 95%CI 0.28-0.54, respectively). Overall, 8.0%, 10.5%, and 12.5% of patients had an ASCVD event at 90, 180, and 365 days following AMI hospital discharge and before initiating a PCSK9i, respectively. CONCLUSION: Among patients initiating a PCSK9i after AMI, a low proportion did so within 89 days of hospital discharge. Many patients had a recurrent ASCVD event before treatment initiation.


Subject(s)
Anticholesteremic Agents , Atherosclerosis , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors , Myocardial Infarction , Aftercare , Aged , Anticholesteremic Agents/adverse effects , Ezetimibe , Hospitals , Humans , Medicare , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , PCSK9 Inhibitors , Patient Discharge , Proprotein Convertase 9 , United States/epidemiology
4.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand ; 57(3): 395-7, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23185977

ABSTRACT

Sulprostone, a synthetic prostaglandin analogue with potent uterotonic action, has been shown to have a low complication rate in a large series. We present a case of cardiac arrest in a parturient after Caesarean section during continuous infusion of intravenous sulprostone administered for atonic post-partum haemorrhage. She had cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 25 min before spontaneous circulation returned. The sequence of events, the results of investigations carried out during the intensive care unit stay, and the presence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, suggest that sulprostone caused coronary spasm, bradycardia, and subsequent asystole, similar to other cases described in the literature.


Subject(s)
Dinoprostone/analogs & derivatives , Heart Arrest/chemically induced , Adult , Advanced Cardiac Life Support , Anesthesia, General , Anesthesia, Obstetrical , Anesthesia, Spinal , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Cesarean Section , Dinoprostone/adverse effects , Female , Glasgow Coma Scale , Heart Arrest/therapy , Humans , Postoperative Hemorrhage , Pregnancy
5.
Minerva Anestesiol ; 68(6): 555-60, 2002 Jun.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12105412

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to determine the proportion of public hospital physicians in Abruzzo capable of performing basic life support manoeuvres, according to the latest guidelines. METHODS: A questionnaire was formulated, in order to investigate whether the persons interviewed 1) had ever performed a cardio-pulmonary resuscitation; 2) had ever taken any BLS courses involving dedicated dummies; 3) believed to be competent in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation correctly and if affirmative, the physician was asked to answer three further questions to verify the level of competence. The questionnaire was to be filled in at the proper working place without the aid of books or other material. RESULTS: Of the 1540 public hospital physicians contacted, 57.6% had participated in cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoeuvres, while only 30% had practised on dedicated dummies. Nevertheless, 69.5% believed to be able to perform the BLS techniques correctly. Of the latter, merely 18% answered all three additional questions correctly. CONCLUSIONS: Cardio-pulmonary arrest is the emergency during which the timeliness of the first resuscitation manoeuvres and their correct performance are the decisive factors for a successful outcome. Without attending regular courses, qualified to teach the proper techniques in depth and recall the acquired procedures, the efficacy of BLS techniques risk to fall below a level of acceptance. Therefore, in the emergency field, it is essential to guarantee a continued training.


Subject(s)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standards , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/education , Humans , Italy , Physicians , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Eur J Immunol ; 30(4): 1030-9, 2000 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10760790

ABSTRACT

Th1 and Th2 cells, which produce distinct sets of cytokines, differentially express several chemokine receptors that may regulate their tissue-specific localization. Although the expression pattern and regulation of chemokines are likely to play a critical role in many immunopathological processes, they remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the requirements for Th1 and Th2 cells to produce the Th2 cell-attracting chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and I-309. TCR triggering of Th1 and Th2 cells leads to production of MDC and I-309 (CCR4 and CCR8 ligands, respectively), whereas TARC (CCR4 ligand) is selectively produced by Th2 cells. Secretion of these chemokines appears to be independent of endogenous production of IL-4 and IFN-gamma. IL-12 and IFN-alpha, cytokines that promote the differentiation of human Th1 cells, selectively inhibit secretion and mRNA expression of MDC and I-309 by Th1 cells. Suppression of I-309 secretion results in a decreased chemotactic effect on L1.2 cells transfected with human CCR8, indicating that IL-12 and IFN-alpha may inhibit the recruitment of CCR8-expressing cells such as Th2 cells. The inhibition of Th2 cell-attracting chemokines MDC and I-309 illustrates a novel mechanism by which IL-12 and IFN-alpha could promote and maintain an ongoing Th1 response.


Subject(s)
Chemokines, CC/biosynthesis , Interferon-alpha/pharmacology , Interleukin-12/pharmacology , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology , Th1 Cells/metabolism , Animals , B-Lymphocytes/drug effects , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Chemokine CCL1 , Chemokine CCL17 , Chemokine CCL22 , Chemokines, CC/antagonists & inhibitors , Chemokines, CC/genetics , Chemokines, CC/metabolism , Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects , Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/immunology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Interferon-alpha/metabolism , Interferon-gamma/analysis , Interferon-gamma/physiology , Interleukin-12/metabolism , Interleukin-4/analysis , Interleukin-4/physiology , Ligands , Lymphocyte Activation , Mice , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Receptors, CCR4 , Receptors, CCR8 , Receptors, Chemokine/genetics , Receptors, Chemokine/immunology , Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism , Th1 Cells/cytology , Th1 Cells/drug effects , Th1 Cells/immunology , Th2 Cells/drug effects , Th2 Cells/immunology , Th2 Cells/metabolism , Transfection
8.
J Immunol ; 164(6): 3292-300, 2000 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10706722

ABSTRACT

Th1 and Th2 cells are functionally distinct subsets of CD4+ T lymphocytes whose tissue-specific homing to sites of inflammation is regulated in part by the differential expression of P- and E-selectin ligands and selected chemokine receptors. Here we investigated the expression and function of beta 1 integrins in Th1 and Th2 cells polarized in vitro. Th1 lymphocytes adhere transiently to the extracellular matrix ligands laminin 1 and fibronectin in response to chemokines such as RANTES and stromal cell-derived factor-1, and this process is paralleled by the activation of the Rac1 GTPase and by a rapid burst of actin polymerization. Selective inhibitors of phosphoinositide-3 kinase prevent efficiently all of the above processes, whereas the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide prevents chemokine-induced adhesion without affecting Rac1 activation and actin polymerization. Notably, chemokine-induced adhesion to beta 1 integrin ligands is markedly reduced in Th2 cells. Such a defect cannot be explained by a reduced sensitivity to chemokine stimulation in this T cell subset, nor by a defective activation of the signaling cascade involving phosphoinositide-3 kinase, Rac1, and actin turnover, as all these processes are activated at comparable levels by chemokines in the two subsets. We propose that reduced beta 1 integrin-mediated adhesion in Th2 cells may restrain their ability to invade and/or reside in sites of chronic inflammation, which are characterized by thickening of basement membranes and extensive fibrosis, requiring efficient interaction with organized extracellular matrices.


Subject(s)
Chemokine CCL5/physiology , Chemokines, CXC/physiology , Integrin beta1/physiology , Th2 Cells/immunology , Up-Regulation/immunology , Actins/metabolism , Biopolymers/metabolism , CD18 Antigens/biosynthesis , Calcium/metabolism , Cell Adhesion/immunology , Chemokine CXCL12 , Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism , Fibronectins/metabolism , Humans , Integrin alpha6beta1 , Integrin beta1/biosynthesis , Integrins/metabolism , Intracellular Fluid/metabolism , Laminin/metabolism , Protein Binding/immunology , Receptors, Laminin/metabolism , Signal Transduction/immunology , Th1 Cells/immunology , Th1 Cells/metabolism , Th2 Cells/metabolism
9.
Blood ; 94(9): 2981-9, 1999 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10556180

ABSTRACT

CD4(+) T helper 1 (Th1) cells and Th2 cells are distinguished based on the pattern of cytokines they are able to produce. Selectin ligands and chemokine receptors are differentially expressed in Th1 and Th2 cells, providing a basis for tissue-specific recruitment of helper T-cell subsets. However, the modes and mechanisms regulating tissue-specific localization of Th1 and Th2 cells are still largely unknown. Here, we show the preferential expression on Th1 cells of the integrin alpha6/beta1, which is distinctly regulated by the Th1-inducing cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-alfa (IFN-alpha). The pattern of integrin alpha6/beta1 regulation closely mirrors that of the chemokine receptor CCR1. Analysis of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (Stat4) activation by IL-12 and IFN-alpha shows distinct signaling kinetics by these cytokines, correlating with the pattern of CCR1 and integrin alpha6/beta1 expression. Unlike IFN-alpha, the ability of IL-12 to generate prolonged intracellular signals appears to be critical for inducing integrin alpha6/beta1 upregulation in Th1 cells. The expression and upregulation of CCR1 and alpha6/beta1 integrin promotes the migration of Th1 cells. These findings suggest that the exquisite regulation of integrin alpha6/beta1 and CCR1 may play an important role in tissue-specific localization of Th1 cells.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Cell Movement/physiology , Integrins/physiology , Interleukin-12/pharmacology , Receptors, Chemokine/physiology , Th1 Cells/pathology , Th1 Cells/physiology , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Integrin alpha6beta1 , Receptors, CCR1 , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Signal Transduction/physiology , Up-Regulation/drug effects
10.
J Immunol ; 160(12): 5915-21, 1998 Jun 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9637504

ABSTRACT

Structural and functional studies of murine MHC class II I-A molecules have been limited by the low yield and instability of soluble, recombinant heterodimers. In the murine autoimmune diseases experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and collagen-induced arthritis, MHC class II molecules I-Au and I-Aq present peptides derived from myelin basic protein and type II collagen, respectively, to autoreactive T cells. To date, systems for the expression of these two I-A molecules in soluble form for use in structure-function relationship studies have not been reported. In the present study, we have expressed functional I-Au and I-Aq molecules using a baculovirus insect cell system. The chain pairing and stability of the molecules were increased by covalently linking the antigenic peptides to beta-chains and adding carboxyl-terminal leucine zippers. Peptide:I-Aq complex quantitatively formed an SDS-stable dimer, whereas peptide:I-Au formed undetectable amounts. However, the two complexes did not show any significant difference in their response to thermal denaturation as assessed by circular dichroism analyses. The autoantigen peptide:I-A complexes were highly active in stimulating cognate T cells to secrete IL-2 and inducing Ag-specific apoptosis of the T cells. Interestingly, the T cells were stimulated by these soluble molecules in the apparent absence of experimentally induced cross-linking of TCRs, indicating that they may have therapeutic potential in autoimmune disease models.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism , Animals , Baculoviridae , Cell Line , Circular Dichroism , Dimerization , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics , Macromolecular Substances , Mice , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate , Solubility , Spodoptera , Structure-Activity Relationship
11.
Cytometry ; 29(3): 261-6, 1997 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9389443

ABSTRACT

The nuclear DNA content of seven mouse laboratory strains has been measured by flow cytometry. The differences observed between strains as well as those between sexes within the strain were all statistically significant. The highest DNA content (approximately 6.4 pg/female nucleus) was found in the Balb/c strain; the lowest (approximately 5.7 pg/male nucleus) in the C3H/he strain. The difference between sexes varied from 1.6% (in CD-1 mice) to 6.3% (in nude mice). The interest of these results is twofold. First, the mouse can now be used to study the adaptive significance of genome size variation, so far studied only in plants. Second, DNA content analysis can become a quick method for mouse strain identification.


Subject(s)
DNA/analysis , Flow Cytometry/methods , Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics , Animals , Cell Nucleus/chemistry , Female , Male , Mice
12.
Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol ; 30(1): 27-30, 1990 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2303002

ABSTRACT

Electromyography of masticatory muscles has proved useful for the functional study of occlusal dysfunctions. We employed this technique to study the activity of masseter and temporal muscles of 6 subjects with Class II division 2 malocclusion and 7 subjects with Class III malocclusion. Significant differences of masticatory muscles activity during mastication and swallowing were observed between the two groups. We hypothesize that the change of the activity of masticatory muscles might influence the clinical presentation of malocclusion.


Subject(s)
Malocclusion, Angle Class III/physiopathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/physiopathology , Malocclusion/physiopathology , Masseter Muscle/physiopathology , Masticatory Muscles/physiopathology , Temporal Muscle/physiopathology , Adult , Aged , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...