ABSTRACT
The effect of grape seed extract (GS; 0.02%), oleoresin rosemary (OR; 0.02%), water-soluble oregano extract (WS; 0.02%), propyl gallate (PG; 0.02% of fat), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA; 0.02% of fat), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT; 0.02% of fat) on the oxidative and color stability of precooked pork patties stored at -18 degrees C for up to 6 mo were determined. Pork lean and trim were ground and mixed (30% fat). Antioxidants mixed with salt (2%) were added. Patties were formed, cooked to 71 degrees C, over wrapped in PVC, and stored at -18 degrees C. Lipid oxidation was determined using thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and descriptive sensory evaluation. Color was determined instrumentally and visually. Samples were evaluated after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mo of frozen storage. Based upon TBARS values, PG (0.21 mg MDA/kg) and GS extract (0.23) had more antioxidant activity over the storage period than did WS, OR, BHA, and BHT. GS had no effect on a* or b* values. Grape seed extract (0.02%) has the potential to inhibit oxidative rancidity as well as current synthetic antioxidants.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Food Preservation/methods , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Meat Products/standards , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/analysis , Color , Cooking/methods , Food Handling/methods , Freezing , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Odorants , Origanum/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Rosmarinus/chemistry , Swine , Taste , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysis , Time Factors , Vitis/chemistryABSTRACT
Opportunistic infections are the leading cause of mortality among HIV-infected people. Several simple interventions prevent illness, prolong life, or prevent HIV transmission from HIV-infected people in Africa. These include: cotrimoxazole prophylaxis; insecticide-treated bed nets; supplies for household water treatment and safe storage; materials promoting family voluntary counselling and testing (VCT); and condoms. We provided these interventions to adults and children with HIV who were members of the AIDS Support Organization in Uganda. To evaluate use of this basic care and prevention package, we surveyed a representative sample of 112 clients of TASO in their homes. Among respondents, 95% reported taking cotrimoxazole everyday, 89% said they had slept under a bednet the night before, 65% reported current treatment of household drinking water, 89% of sexually active respondents reported using condoms, and 96% reported family use of VCT. Household observations verified that use of cotrimoxazole, bednets, and water treatment products were consistent with reported use. This evaluation suggests successful distribution and use of basic care and prevention services at an AIDS organization in Uganda.
