ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Imaging tests are a widely used tool in primary care with many known benefits. Without an understanding of which outcomes matter the most to patients, clinicians are challenged to balance the benefits and harms of imaging tests. This study aimed to explore the perceived impacts imaging tests have on patients from the perspective of the primary care providers (PCPs) and determine PCPs' understanding of patient-centered outcomes (PCOs) from imaging tests. METHODS: Recruitment of PCPs occurred at 4 family medicine clinics in Washington and Idaho. Primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, or physician assistants who order imaging tests were eligible to participate. Semistructured interviews explored providers' perceptions of patient experiences during the process of ordering, performing and following up on imaging tests. Classic content analysis generated themes and subthemes. RESULTS: Sixteen PCPs, including 11 physicians, 3 physician assistants, and 2 nurse practitioners, completed interviews. Two themes were identified: 1) perceived PCOs, and 2) factors influencing the incorporation of PCOs into clinical management. Perceived outcomes included emotions related to the answer a test provides and costs to the patient such as monetary, physical, and added risk. Patient expectations, provider-patient communication, and inadequate knowledge all contributed as barriers to incorporating PCOs into clinical management. DISCUSSION: PCPs recognize different outcomes of imaging tests that they consider important for patients. While providers are perceptive to patient outcomes there remains a challenge to how patient outcomes are used to improve care. Communication with patients and improving provider knowledge are needed to incorporate identified PCOs.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Patient Outcome Assessment , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Adult , Aged , Clinical Competence , Communication , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nurse Practitioners/psychology , Nurse Practitioners/statistics & numerical data , Physician Assistants/psychology , Physician Assistants/statistics & numerical data , Physicians, Primary Care/psychology , Physicians, Primary Care/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/economics , Qualitative Research , Quality Improvement , Radiography/psychology , Radiography/statistics & numerical data , Ultrasonography/economics , Ultrasonography/psychology , Ultrasonography/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes 2 chronic idiopathic inflammatory diseases: ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. The incidence and prevalence of IBD is increasing worldwide. It can affect people of all ages, including children and geriatric populations, and can impact all aspects of life. In this article, diagnosis and treatment of IBD in adults, pediatric, pregnant, and elderly populations are explored from the perspective of a primary care physician.
