ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this work were to know the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in the paediatric population of our health department, to describe the risk factors for infection by MRSA compared to those produced by methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and to know the antibiotic sensitivity profile of MRSA and MSSA isolates. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of infections produced by MRSA versus those produced by MSSA was carried out during the years 2014 to 2018. Risk factors for MRSA infection were studied using a binary logistic regression model. RESULTS: 162 patients with S. aureus infections were identified. Of these, 25 (15.4%) were MRSA. The highest percentages of MRSA infection occurred among children who required hospital admission (23.4%). In the univariate analysis the need of hospital admission, antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months, the kind of infection and past MRSA infection or colonisation reached statistical significance. However, only the need of hospital admission and antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months maintained statistical significance in the binary logistic regression model. Correct antibiotic treatment was only prescribed in 26.7% of the MRSA infection cases admitted to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest the need to review empirical local treatment regimen using drugs active against MRSA in infections of probable staphylococcal origin admitted to the hospital, especially if they have received antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months.
Subject(s)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcal Infections , Child , Humans , Staphylococcus aureus , Retrospective Studies , Prevalence , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Methicillin/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Risk FactorsSubject(s)
Brain Abscess , Frontal Sinusitis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Humans , Eikenella corrodensABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) is a common cause of bacterial keratitis in certain geographic areas. A high percentage of resistance to methicillin is shown, which gives it cross resistance to beta-lactams and sometimes resistance to other antibacterial groups. We analyzed clinical and microbiological variables in patients with infectious keratitis due to SE. METHODS: Medical records of 43 patients with suspected infectious keratitis and microbiological confirmation for SE, between October 2017 and October 2020, were retrospectively studied. Clinical characteristics (risk factors, size of lesions, treatment, evolution) and microbiological (susceptibility to antibiotics) were analyzed, and groups of patients with methicillin-resistant (MRSE) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSE) infection were compared. RESULTS: MRSE was present in 37.2% of infectious keratitis. All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Rates of resistance to tetracyclines and ciprofloxacin were 50% and 56% in the MRSE group, and 11% and 7% in the MSSE group. The clinical characteristics, including size of lesion, visual axis involvement, inflammation of anterior chamber, presence of risk factors and follow-up time, did not show statistically significant differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: MRSE is a common cause of infectious keratitis caused by SE and shows a high rate of multidrug resistance. Clinically, it does not differ from MSSE keratitis. Additional work is needed to confirm these findings.
Subject(s)
Keratitis , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcal Infections , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Keratitis/drug therapy , Keratitis/epidemiology , Keratitis/microbiology , Methicillin Resistance , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Retrospective Studies , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus epidermidisABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Salmonella Infections/genetics , Salmonella Infections/metabolism , Emergency Medical Services , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Gastroenteritis/metabolism , Gastroenteritis/pathology , In Vitro Techniques/methods , In Vitro Techniques , Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism , Pharmaceutical Preparations/standards , Salmonella Infections/complications , Salmonella Infections/pathology , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Gastroenteritis/complications , Gastroenteritis/diagnosis , In Vitro Techniques/classification , In Vitro Techniques/trendsSubject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/economics , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Bacterial Agents/economics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Contraindications , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Humans , SpainSubject(s)
Fetal Diseases/prevention & control , Hepatitis B, Chronic/prevention & control , Immunoglobulin G/therapeutic use , Adult , Ascites/diagnosis , Ascites/surgery , Female , Fetal Diseases/drug therapy , Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy , Humans , Immunization, Passive/methods , Infant, Newborn , PregnancyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Hepatitis B/transmission , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Ascites/complications , Ascites/diagnosis , Anemia/complications , Anemia/diagnosis , Anemia/etiology , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis B/pathology , Hepatitis B/physiopathology , Viremia/complications , Viremia/diagnosisSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Triglycerides/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Female , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
In the last years Cyclospora sp. has been increasingly associated to human intestinal diseases. The first studies have been reported to this parasite as a Cyanobacterium-like body, large Cryptosporidium or coccidian-like body. The ultrastructural characteristic and the "in vitro" sporulation have revealed the existence of oocyst constituted for two sporocysts with two sporozoites per sporocyst. This evidence has allowed its classification as a coccidian within the genus Cyclospora and its designation as a new pathogen species in humans, Cyclospora cayetanensis. Recently phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences suggested that Cyclospora sp. was closely related to the Eimeria genus. The identification, morphological characteristics, clinical evaluation and chemotherapy of the human intestinal disease associated to Cyclospora sp. are commented in the present paper.
