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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 83: e0024, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559595

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de miopia em crianças de escolas públicas da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS, Brasil). Métodos: Estudo transversal prospectivo, com amostra de 330 estudantes de escolas públicas da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre entre 5 e 20 anos de idade. Os escolares foram submetidos à avaliação oftalmológica completa, incluindo acuidade visual com e sem correção, autorrefração dinâmica e estática, refração subjetiva dinâmica e estática sob cicloplegia e medida do diâmetro axial. Um questionário sobre tempo de uso de telas diário foi aplicado. Os desfechos foram prevalência de miopia, alta miopia e baixa miopia. O teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson foi utilizado para avaliar a relação da prevalência com a variável contemplada no questionário. Resultados: A prevalência de miopia foi de 17,4% (IC95% 13,8-21,7%). Baixa e alta miopia corresponderam a 15,2% (IC95% 11,9-19,3%) e 2,1% (IC95% 1,1-4,1%), respectivamente. Conclusão: Essa é a maior prevalência de miopia sob cicloplegia encontrada no Brasil até a presente data. Outros estudos para entender a prevalência e a evolução da ametropia no país são necessários.


ABSTRACT Objective: To assess myopia prevalence in children from public schools of the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, in Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: It is a prospective cross-sectional study with a sample of 330 children from public schools of the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, from 5 to 20 years old. The students were submitted to an ophthalmological evaluation including auto-refractor measurements, best corrected and uncorrected visual acuity, subjective refraction under cycloplegia and axial length. The outcomes were prevalence of myopia, high myopia, and low myopia. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to assess the relationship between prevalence and the variable contemplated in the questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of myopia was 17.4% (CI 13.8 - 21.7%). Low and high myopia corresponded to 15.2% (CI 11.9 - 19.3%) and 2.1% (CI 1.1 - 4.1%), respectively. Conclusion: This is the highest prevalence of myopia under cycloplegia found in Brazil to date. Other studies are necessary to understand the prevalence and evolution of the condition in the country.

2.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol ; 27(1): 28-33, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32549721

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to asses ocular findings' prevalence in children with primary congenital heart disease (CHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study of children with CHD treated at a specialized center in the South of Brazil between 2013 and 2015. They underwent a complete ocular examination, including measurement of visual acuity, refraction test, external motility, anterior and posterior biomicroscopy, and binocular indirect fundoscopy with retinal photographs. Two experienced examiners independently assessed fundus findings: one at the time of examination and image capture, while the other assessed only the captured images. RESULTS: Of a total of 146 children examined, 124 were included in this analysis (16% loss). Seventy children were male (55.5%). The average age was 9.3 years (minimum 1 month and maximum 15 years). Caucasians race were 81.2%, African Descendants race were 11.1%, and others were 7.7%. About 57.1% had already had heart surgery. About 14.8% had visual acuity below 0.6 and 2.8% below 0.1. Strabismus was found in 7.4% and cataracts in 1.7%. Retinal alterations were recognized in 13.5%, of which 4.8% were related to vascular narrowing or dilation and/or abnormal arteriovenous crossing; 7.14% were related to increased vascular tortuosity, while 1.6% were related to active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis lesions. Concomitant abnormalities in ocular motility, biomicroscopy, or ophthalmoscopy were detected in 24% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Children under the age of 15 years old with primary CHD have a high prevalence of ocular alterations, with external ocular and retinal manifestations, with higher occurrence rate among cyanotic cases. This leads us to strongly recommend the performance of a complete ophthalmological examination in such cases.


Subject(s)
Cataract/etiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Strabismus/etiology , Adolescent , Cataract/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Infant , Male , Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Ophthalmoscopy , Prospective Studies , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Strabismus/diagnosis , Visual Acuity/physiology
3.
Case Rep Dermatol Med ; 2019: 2380598, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30805223

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic findings in mycosis fungoides (MF) can be highly variable. It seems that the prevalence of ophthalmic findings could be much more common than previously assumed. OBJECTIVE: To present case series examined in the last 12 months, together with a literature review. METHODS: Symptomatic patients with biopsy-proven mycosis fungoides were examined ophthalmologically in a 12-month period. The medical records of affected patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Eight patients were examined. Of these, 75% were male, all were Caucasian, and average age was 58.2 years. Blepharitis (50.0%), thickened eyelids (37.5%), and flaking (25.0%) were the most prevalent findings. CONCLUSION: Incidence of MF affecting the eyes and surrounding structures may be greater than estimated. Early case management offers means to reduce difficulties experienced with later diagnosis. Regular monitoring by an ophthalmologist is justified, including that of asymptomatic cases.

4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 72(4): 249-252, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690261

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar, retrospectivamente, num longo intervalo de tempo, os resultados da termoterapia transpupilar em casos selecionados do melanoma de coróide. Métodos: Foram identificados todos os casos com melanoma de coróide tratados com termoterapia transpupilar, como terapia única ou suplementar. Foram excluídos os casos com seguimento inferior a 60 meses, prontuários incompletos ou com o abandono do acompanhamento. Resultados: De um total de 18 olhos, 7 (38.9%) foram incluídos no estudo. Cinco (71,4%) pacientes foram tratados exclusivamente com termoterapia transpupilar, em 1 (14,2%) olho a crioterapia foi simultânea, 1 (14,2%) suplementou braquiterapia - placa episcleral. Três (42.8%) sofreram recorrência, 2 (28.5%) apresentaram metástases (um óbito), 2 foram enucleados. Complicações foram encontradas em 3 olhos: dobras maculares em 2, hemorragia vítrea em 1. Nos olhos enucleados, não havia extensão extraescleral, porém células interesclerais foram identificadas. Conclusão: Termoterapia transpupilar mostra um declínio em sua eficácia e conserva os riscos de metástases em períodos mais longos de acompanhamento, sendo necessária uma definição mais exata de seu papel nos melanomas de coróide.


Objective: To evaluate, retrospectively, in a long time interval, the results of transpupillary thermotherapy in selected cases of choroidal melanoma (CM). Methods: All patients with melanoma treated with transpupillary thermotherapy as sole therapy or supplement were identified. Cases with less than 60 months follow-up, incomplete records or abandonment of monitoring were excluded. Results: A total of 18 eyes, seven (38.9%) were included. Five (71,4%) patients were treated exclusively with transpupillary thermotherapy, in one (14,2%) eye criotherapy was used simultaneously, one (14,2%) was supplemented with brachytherapy - episcleral plate. Three (42.8%) had recurrence, two (28.5%) had metastases (one death), two eyes were enucleated. Complications were found in three eyes: two with macular folds, one with vitreous hemorrhage. In the enucleated eyes, extraescleral did not occur, however intrascleral tumoral cells were identified. Conclusion: Transpupillary thermotherapy shows a decline in its effectiveness and retains the risk of metastases in longer periods of follow-up, requiring a more exact definition of its role in choroidal melanoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Brachytherapy/methods , Cryotherapy/methods , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Melanoma/therapy , Choroid Neoplasms/therapy , Retrospective Studies
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 72(3): 178-180, maio-jun. 2013. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690245

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da facoemulsificação sob anestesia tópica em casos com complexidade diversa. MÉTODOS: Os prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à facoemulsificação sob anestesia tópica no período de janeiro de 2009 a abril de 2011 foram revisados. Os dados pré-operatórios avaliados foram: sexo, idade, cor, a presença de doenças sistêmicas, comorbidades oculares, o tipo da catarata e a acuidade visual pré-operatória. As informações intra e pós-operatórias colhidas foram: acuidade pósoperatória, complicações intra e pós-operatórias, a necessidade de conversão anestésica e o poder da LIO utilizada. Foram excluídos pacientes com prontuários incompletos. RESULTADOS: Cento e onze (111) casos foram avaliados. Apenas comorbidades oculares mostraram significância estatística na acuidade visual pós-operatória (p=0,004). CONCLUSÃO: A análise indica que a facoemulsificação realizada sob anestesia tópica em casos com complexidades variadas é eficaz e segura...


PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome and safety of phacoemulsification performed under topical anesthesiain cases with several complexities. METHODS: Cases performed under topical anesthesia from january 2009 to april 2011 were analyzed. Variables analyzed included patients age, sex, race, systemic diseases, eyes comorbidities, type of cataract, visual acuity before and after the surgery, complications, number of conversions to peribulbar anesthesia and IOL power. Patients with uncompleted data were excluded from analysis. RESULTS: A total of 111 eyes were analyzed; only cases with ocular comorbidities were statistically significant (p=0,004). CONCLUSION: the data analysis suggests that phacoemulsification performed under topical anesthesia is safeand effective in cases of different complexities...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Administration, Topical , Anesthesia/methods , Comorbidity , Phacoemulsification/methods , Medical Records , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 70(2): 125-132, mar.-abr. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-586714

ABSTRACT

Retinosquise traduz a separação anômala das camadas retinianas, podendo ser congênita, adquirida ou secundária a situações como a miopia, trauma e vasculopatias. Reúne-se as principais características clínicas, recentes opções diagnósticas e as formas de manejo dos quadros ligados ao cromossoma X e aos adquiridos.


Retinoschisis means abnormal separation of the retinal layers, which could be congenital, acquired or secondary to myopia, trauma or other vascular disorders. We review the clinical features of the x-linked and acquired diseases, and its recent diagnostic tools and the differents options for repair.

7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 61(5): 341-345, maio 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-317940

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar as características das drusas nas fases iniciais, da Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade (DMRI), através da angiografia fluoresceínica. Local: Universidade Federal de Pelotas - RS e Curso de Especialização em Oftalmologia Prof. Ivo Corrêa-Meyer. Métodos: Para tanto, 90 exames de pacientes com este diagnóstico foram coletados, sempre, com o mesmo padrão técnico. O estudo é transversal, compreendendo o período entre 1985 e 1998. As imagens incluíram o momento antes do clarão coroídeo e obedeceram a seqüência de uma foto a cada 1-2s, no máximo, até a fase venosa tardia. Os angiogramas foram todos digitalizados para facilitar as análises que incluíram a observação do número, tipos, distribuição e fluorescência das drusas. Resultados: As drusas foram numericamente mais prevalentes, seguidas pelos quadros mistos, sendo a distribuição dispersa a morfologia mais encontrada, sem relação ao sexo ou idade. Número superior a 20 drusas ocorreu em 57,8 por cento. Fluorescência igual, maior ou menor que a coróide adjacente foi observada na mesma proporção de casos. Conclusão: Nas fases iniciais da DMRI predominam as drusas duras sobre as moles, geralmente em número superior a 20, distribuídas de forma dispersa, podendo ter fluorescência igual, menor ou maior que a coróide circunjacente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Macular Degeneration/etiology , Macular Degeneration , Retinal Drusen , Fluorescein Angiography , Visual Acuity
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