Complications of collagen biostimulators in Brazil: Description of products, treatments, and evolution of 55 cases.

BACKGROUND: Complications of temporary and permanent fillers have been extensively studied. However, there is a lack of comparative data regarding poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), and polycaprolactone (PCL) known as collagen biostimulators. AIMS: This study addressed the complications of collagen biostimulators concerning their diagnosis, type of product, treatment, and monitoring. PATIENTS/METHODS: An electronic questionnaire was sent to Brazilian dermatologic ultrasound experts to identify complications related to biostimulators. The type of biostimulator, location of application, number of vials injected, application plan, time between injection treatment and complication, injector profile, treatment, and prognosis were assessed. RESULTS: Fifty-five cases were identified, of which 49.1% were caused by PLLA-Elleva®, 23.6% by CaHA (alone or combined with hyaluronic acid), 20.0% by PLLA-Sculptra®, and 7.3% by PCL. The most affected area was the face (72.7%), with nodules being the most common clinical form (89.1%), generally occurring late (60.0%) (>1 month). Only one case was injected at an incorrect depth (musculoaponeurotic system-SMAS). Despite several treatments, including saline (45.5%), hyaluronidase (25.5%), diluted corticosteroids (23.6%), and energy-based devices (10.9%), only five cases showed complete resolution. Hyaluronidase was beneficial in complications related to fillers when there was an association of calcium hydroxyapatite with hyaluronic acid (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Complications from collagen biostimulators were more common on the face, typically manifesting about 1 month after treatment. These issues seemed to be related more to the properties of the products rather than inadequate technique. Furthermore, hyaluronidase demonstrated efficacy only in cases where there was an association with HA.

A topical cell therapy approach for diabetic chronic ulcers: Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells associated with platelet-rich plasma.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic cutaneous ulcers are subjected to several physiological and biochemical defects, which contribute to wound chronicity and therapeutic failure. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used for stimulating tissue regeneration, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic properties in all phases of skin regeneration in cell therapy studies. AIMS: The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects related to the use of a biomembrane composed of autologous MSCs and PRP on chronic wounds of diabetic patients (pre-post pilot study). PATIENTS/METHODS: Six diabetic patients with chronic wounds for more than 6 months were subjected to adipose tissue collection for isolation of MSCs, blood collection for PRP preparation, and topical administration of a biomembrane of MSCs and PRP on each chronic wound. The statistical difference regarding the evolution of ulcers was calculated by means of paired t test. RESULTS: There was granulation tissue formation starting from 7 days after topical application. Total re-epithelialization occurred in 5 of the 9 lesions treated, and the mean wound healing rate (WHR) was 74.55% (±32.55%) after 90 days. No cicatricial hypertrophy or retraction was observed. CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stromal cells topical therapy associated with PRP is well-tolerated and able to provide a reduction in ulcer area of diabetic chronic wounds.

Terapia celular combinada com membranas de biopolímeros melhora a cicatrização de úlceras em paciente com dermatomiosite juvenil / Combining cell therapy with biopolymer films improves wound healing in a juvenile dermatomyositis patient

Introdução: Dermatomiosite juvenil (DMJ) é doença sistêmica que afeta a musculatura proximal e a pele de crianças. A doença ulcerada é um desafio terapêutico. Objetivo: Avaliar a melhora da doença ulcerada na DMJ, pelo uso de terapia celular. Métodos: Realização de cocultura de fibroblastos e queratinócitos autólogos e aplicação dessas células nas úlceras juntamente com cola de fibrina e colocação de membrana de quitosana-alginato ou quitosana-xantana sobre as lesões. Resultados: Menos de 12 horas após a terapia, o paciente referiu completa eliminação da dor e, dentro de dois dias, estava presente tecido de cicatrização. Algumas das úlceras estavam quase completamente cicatrizadas no final da primeira semana, e algumas das calcinoses desapareceram. Essa técnica não cura a doença, mas melhora a qualidade de vida, sendo possível criopreservar as células saudáveis do paciente para tratar novas lesões. Sendo as células de origem autóloga, elimina-se o risco de rejeição. Além disso, esse procedimento não necessita de debridamento das lesões nem hospitalização. Conclusões: A aplicação de culturas autólogas de fibroblastos e queratinócitos em úlceras já é considerada tratamento efetivo em pacientes com queimaduras e outras feridas cutâneas e, agora mostrou-se também eficaz no tratamento de feridas na DMJ.

Introduction: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a systemic disease that affects children's proximal musculature and skin. The ulcerated stage of the disease is a therapeutic challenge. Objective: To evaluate the improvement of ulcerated stage of JDM caused by the use of cell therapy. Methods: Co-culture of autologous fibroblasts and keratinocytes, application of these cells in ulcers in conjunction with fibrin glue, and placement of chitosan-alginate or chitosan-xanthan membrane on the lesions. Results: Less than 12 hours after therapy, the patient reported complete cessation of pain and, within 2 days, healing tissue emerged. Some of the ulcers were almost completely healed by the end of the 1st week, and some of the calcinoses disappeared. This technique does not cure the disease, however it improves the patient's quality of life, and it is possible to cryopreserve healthy cells to treat new lesions. Given the fact that the cells are of autologous origin, the risk of rejection is eliminated. Furthermore, this procedure does not require debridement of the lesions or hospitalization. Conclusions: The application of autologous cultures of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in ulcers is already considered an effective treatment in patients with burns and other skin wounds, and has now also been proven effective in the treatment of wounds in JDM.

Implantation of autologous fat globules in localized scleroderma and idiopathic lipoatrophy--report of five patients.

A large number of diseases may cause Atrophic skin disorders are caused by a large number of diseases, some of them idiopathic and others inflammatory, in which there is loss of volume of body segments. Localized scleroderma is a rare inflammatory dermatosis, manifested by atrophic skin and subcutaneous tissue alterations. Lipoatrophy may be genetically inherited or acquired as a result of panniculitis, HIV infections or aging. Many treatments have been proposed. Results vary in the acute inflammatory phase and are scarce when sclerosis and atrophy have already been established. This article describes four cases of localized facial scleroderma and one of facial idiopathic lipoatrophy treated with implantation of autologous fat globules extracted from the infragluteal groove, without utilization of cannula aspiration, with lasting results.

Implantation of autologous fat globules in localized scleroderma and idiopathic lipoatrophy - report of five patients / Implante de fragmentos de lobulos de gordura autologa na esclerodermia localizada e lipoatrofia idiopatica, relato de cinco pacientes

A large number of diseases may cause Atrophic skin disorders are caused by a large number of diseases, some of them idiopathic and others inflammatory, in which there is loss of volume of body segments. Localized scleroderma is a rare inflammatory dermatosis, manifested by atrophic skin and subcutaneous tissue alterations. Lipoatrophy may be genetically inherited or acquired as a result of panniculitis, HIV infections or aging. Many treatments have been proposed. Results vary in the acute inflammatory phase and are scarce when sclerosis and atrophy have already been established. This article describes four cases of localized facial scleroderma and one of facial idiopathic lipoatrophy treated with implantation of autologous fat globules extracted from the infragluteal groove, without utilization of cannula aspiration, with lasting results.

Os distúrbios atróficos da pele abrangem inúmeras doenças, algumas idiopáticas e outras, inflamatórias, em que há perda do volume de segmentos do corpo. A esclerodermia localizada é uma dermatose inflamatória, rara, que pode manifestar-se com alterações atróficas da pele e tecido subcutâneo. A lipoatrofia pode ser herdada geneticamente ou adquirida relacionada a paniculites, infeccção pelo HIV, ou envelhecimento. Muitos tratamentos são propostos. Os resultados são variáveis na fase inflamatória aguda e apresentam pouca resposta quando a esclerose e atrofia já estão instaladas. Descreve-se o tratamento de quatro casos de esclerodermia localizada e um de lipoatrofia idiopática, na face, tratados com enxerto de fragmentos de lóbulos de gordura autóloga extraídos sem a utilização da cânula aspirativa, com resultados duradouros.