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3.
J Grad Med Educ ; 12(4): 507-511, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32879697

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The start of a new academic year in graduate medical education will mark a transition for postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) residents from medical school into residency. The relocation of individuals has significant implications given the COVID-19 pandemic and variability of the outbreak across the United States, but little is known about the extent of the geographic relocation taking place. OBJECTIVE: We reported historical trends of PGY-1 residents staying in-state and those starting residency from out-of-state to quantify the geographic movement of individuals beginning residency training each year. METHODS: We analyzed historical data collected by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in academic years 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019, comparing the locations of medical school and residency programs for PGY-1 residents to determine the number of matriculants from in-state medical schools and out-of-state medical schools. International medical school graduates (IMGs) were shown separately in the analysis and then combined with out-of-state matriculants. US citizens who trained abroad were counted among IMGs. RESULTS: The total number of PGY-1s increased by 10.3% during the 3-year time period, from 29 338 to 32 348. When combined, IMGs and USMGs transitioning from one state or country to another state accounted for approximately 72% of PGY-1s each year. Approximately 63% of USMGs matriculated to a residency program in a new state, and IMGs made up 24.6% to 23.1% of PGY-1s over the 3-year period. CONCLUSIONS: Each year brings a substantial amount of movement among PGY-1s that highlights the need for policies and procedures specific to the COVID-19 pandemic.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections , Internship and Residency , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Professional Practice Location , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/virology , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Foreign Medical Graduates , Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , SARS-CoV-2 , United States , Workplace
4.
Surgery ; 163(4): 944-949, 2018 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29452702

ABSTRACT

Simulation has become an integral part of physician education, and abundant evidence confirms that simulation-based education improves learners' skills and behaviors and is associated with improved patient outcomes. The resources required to implement simulation-based education, however, have led some stakeholders to question the overall value proposition of simulation-based education. This paper summarizes the information from a special panel on this topic and defines research priorities for the field. Future work should focus on both outcomes and costs, with robust measurement of resource investments, provider performance (in both simulation and real settings), patient outcomes, and impact on the health care organization. Increased attention to training practicing clinicians and health care teams is also essential. Clarifying the value proposition of simulation-based education will require a major national effort with funding from multiple sponsors and active engagement of a variety of stakeholders.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical/methods , General Surgery/education , Simulation Training , Clinical Competence , Education, Medical/economics , Education, Medical/standards , General Surgery/economics , Humans , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Research , Simulation Training/economics , Simulation Training/standards , United States
16.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol ; 35(1): 56-62, 2014 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24334799

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several studies demonstrating that central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are preventable prompted a national initiative to reduce the incidence of these infections. METHODS: We conducted a collaborative cohort study to evaluate the impact of the national "On the CUSP: Stop BSI" program on CLABSI rates among participating adult intensive care units (ICUs). The program goal was to achieve a unit-level mean CLABSI rate of less than 1 case per 1,000 catheter-days using standardized definitions from the National Healthcare Safety Network. Multilevel Poisson regression modeling compared infection rates before, during, and up to 18 months after the intervention was implemented. RESULTS: A total of 1,071 ICUs from 44 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, reporting 27,153 ICU-months and 4,454,324 catheter-days of data, were included in the analysis. The overall mean CLABSI rate significantly decreased from 1.96 cases per 1,000 catheter-days at baseline to 1.15 at 16-18 months after implementation. CLABSI rates decreased during all observation periods compared with baseline, with adjusted incidence rate ratios steadily decreasing to 0.57 (95% confidence intervals, 0.50-0.65) at 16-18 months after implementation. CONCLUSION: Coincident with the implementation of the national "On the CUSP: Stop BSI" program was a significant and sustained decrease in CLABSIs among a large and diverse cohort of ICUs, demonstrating an overall 43% decrease and suggesting the majority of ICUs in the United States can achieve additional reductions in CLABSI rates.


Subject(s)
Catheter-Related Infections/epidemiology , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Intensive Care Units , Adult , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Infection Control/methods , Program Evaluation , United States/epidemiology
17.
J Healthc Qual ; 36(6): 41-6, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23980796

ABSTRACT

Dr. Combes is senior vice president at the American Hospital Association (AHA) and president and COO of the Center for Healthcare Governance. The Interview with Dr. John Combes on Boards and Governance provides a perspective on key changes, issues, competencies, and metrics that hospital boards must address. The role of quality professionals to be effective with boards is also described.


Subject(s)
Governing Board/organization & administration , Hospital Administration , Quality of Health Care , Governing Board/standards , Health Care Reform , Hospitals/standards , Humans , United States
18.
Hosp Health Netw ; 87(9): 14, 2013 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24260956

ABSTRACT

Hospital boards are transforming governance do address the shifts in health care. Boards can either enable or block progress toward transformational change.


Subject(s)
Governing Board/organization & administration , Hospital Administration , American Hospital Association , Humans , United States
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