ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To correlate pathologic, computed tomographic (CT), and ultrasound (US) characteristics of nephrogenic adenofibromas and embryonal adenomas (uncommon pediatric renal tumors) in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and imaging and pathologic findings were reviewed in three children (aged 6 1/2, 7, and 11 years) with adenomatous renal tumors and polycythemia. Specimens were reviewed at the National Wilms Tumor Study Pathology Center (Loma Linda, Calif). RESULTS: All tumors were smaller than 3 cm in greatest dimension. They were hyperechoic on US scans and had high attenuation on unenhanced CT scans. Two patients underwent nephrectomy for initial diagnosis of Wilms tumor. The third underwent local excision. At pathologic examination, embryonal-appearing adenomatous epithelial cells were found to form tubules and papillae with abundant psammomatous calcifications. Two masses were classified as embryonal adenomas and one as nephrogenic adenofibroma. CONCLUSION: Increased attenuation on CT scans and increased echogenicity on US scans of renal adenomatous tumors are distinctive findings that may reflect the presence of tubulopapillary structures and psammomatous calcifications.
Subject(s)
Adenofibroma/diagnosis , Adenoma/diagnosis , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Polycythemia/etiology , Adenofibroma/complications , Adenofibroma/diagnostic imaging , Adenoma/complications , Adenoma/diagnostic imaging , Child , Female , Humans , Kidney Neoplasms/complications , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
We report a patient with congenitally short trachea (CST), defined as a decreased number of tracheal rings and high carina, who had respiratory distress and overaeration of the left lung secondary to extrinsic narrowing of the distal mainstem bronchus by ligamentum arteriosum compression.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Diseases/etiology , Ductus Arteriosus , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Trachea/abnormalities , Bronchial Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Constriction, Pathologic/diagnostic imaging , Constriction, Pathologic/etiology , Humans , Infant , Male , Radiography , Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Magnetic resonance (MR) marrow signal in the axial and appendicular skeleton of 13 transfusion-dependent and chelated pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia (SSD) was compared with marrow signal in six non-transfusion-dependent patients with SSD. Hepatic, pancreatic, and renal MR signal were also evaluated. Indication for hypertransfusion therapy was primarily prior history of stroke. Transfusion-dependent patients had evidence of iron deposition throughout the imaged marrow and the liver, despite deferoxamine chelation therapy. Non-transfusion-dependent patients did not demonstrate grossly apparent signs of iron overload. Red marrow restoration was present in the spine, pelvis, and long bones and, in some patients, within the epiphyses. Marrow edema secondary to vaso-occlusive crises was evident in the metaphyses and diaphyses of long bones in areas of both red and fatty marrow and was best seen using fat-saturated T2-weighted imaging techniques.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy , Blood Transfusion , Bone Marrow/pathology , Hemosiderosis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/metabolism , Anemia, Sickle Cell/pathology , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Child , Humans , Iron/metabolism , Transfusion ReactionABSTRACT
Barium esophagrams were obtained in two patients with respiratory problems whose underlying congenital heart disease was pseudotruncus arteriosus type I. The esophagrams revealed vascular indentations on the esophagus, one posteriorly, and the other anteriorly. Both types of indentations were secondary to aorto-pulmonary communicating arteries from the descending aorta.
