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1.
J Appl Microbiol ; 95(3): 602-11, 2003.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12911709

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To differentiate Vibrio harveyi from closely related Vibrio species by toxR sequence analysis and design primers for the specific detection of the shellfish pathogen. METHODS AND RESULTS: The partial toxR homologue from the shellfish pathogen V. harveyi was isolated by PCR using degenerate primers. The 578-bp toxR fragment from V. harveyi, that exhibited highest homology with partial toxR of V. parahaemolyticus (68%), is predicted to encode for a polypeptide with 192 amino acid residues. Alignment of the V. harveyi toxR nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence with those from other Vibrio species revealed the presence of the fairly characteristic conserved transcription activation and transmembrane domain as well as the divergent membrane tether region that may be targeted for the development of species-specific oligonucleotide primers. Consequently, PCR primers that could amplify a 390-bp gene fragment in V. harveyi were designed by targeting portions of the V. harveyi toxR that display variability with toxR sequences from other Vibrio species. The 390-bp-amplicon was detected in all V. harveyi strains examined except in the nontarget bacteria and unexpectedly, in two shrimp-derived strains (VIB 391 and STD 3-101) from Thailand and Ecuador. Results show that strains exhibiting the 390-bp amplicon mostly belong to the same cluster based on previous amplified fragment length polymorphism data while strains which were previously unclustered or unclassified did not display the 390-bp PCR product. CONCLUSIONS: The toxR sequence variation could differentiate V. harveyi from closely related Vibrio species. A PCR protocol amplifying a 390-bp fragment of the V. harveyi toxR was established and could be useful in the specific and rapid detection of the species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The molecular approaches reported in this study could facilitate the early diagnosis and surveillance of luminous vibriosis in hatchery-reared fish and shellfish species through rapid identification and specific detection of causal agent.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , Vibrio/classification , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Fishes/microbiology , Genes, Bacterial , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sequence Alignment , Shellfish/microbiology , Species Specificity , Vibrio/genetics
2.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 92(8): 508-17, 2000 Aug.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11084818

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The age of persons with hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in the general population has risen; these persons are at increased risk of clinically severe disease, especially patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of total antibodies against HAV in patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS: In a prospective study carried out between September 1998 and June 1999, 180 patients seen in the chronic liver disease outpatient department were studied. The prevalence of total anti-HAV antibodies was determined by age group, etiology and degree of histological damage, and according to the antecedents of risk for parenteral infection. A nonconditional logistic regression model was fitted with anti-HAV positivity as the dependent variable. RESULTS: Mean age was 44.1 years, with an anti-HAV prevalence of 77.2% (varying from 42.9% in the 21-25-year-old group to more than 83% in patients > 56-years old). Differences across groups regarding other categories (histological damage, etiology and history of parenteral or drug use) were not statistically significant, but the probability of anti-HAV positivity increased with age and a history of drug addiction. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of total anti-HAV antibodies is high among patients with chronic liver disease. We therefore recommend this test before vaccination against HAV, until current recommendations on universal childhood vaccination are implemented, in order to prevent hepatitis A epidemics in the general population.


Subject(s)
Hepatitis A/epidemiology , Hepatitis A/immunology , Hepatitis Antibodies/blood , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Seroepidemiologic Studies
3.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 92(8): 508-517, ago. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14157

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: la edad de infección por el virus de la hepatitis A (VHA) ha aumentado en la población, con un mayor riesgo de gravedad clínica, sobre todo en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica. Se pretende conocer la prevalencia de anticuerpos totales frente al VHA en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: se estudió de forma prospectiva a 180 pacientes atendidos consecutivamente en nuestra consulta de Hepatopatías Crónicas desde septiembre de 1998 hasta junio de 1999. Se determinó la prevalencia de anticuerpos totales anti-VHA por grupos de edad, etiologías, grado de afectación histológica y antecedentes de riesgo de infección por vía parenteral. Finalmente se ajustó un modelo de regresión logística no condicional con variable dependiente la presencia de anti-VHA. RESULTADOS: la edad media fue de 44,1 años, con una prevalencia de anti-VHA del 77,2 por ciento (desde el 42,9 por ciento entre 21-25 años hasta más del 83 por ciento a partir de 56 años). No existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas según la afectación histológica, etiología o antecedentes de riesgo parenteral o de drogadicción, pero la probabilidad de tener anti-VHA aumentaba con la edad y con el antecedente UDVP. CONCLUSIONES: los pacientes con hepatopatía crónica presentan una alta prevalencia de anticuerpos totales anti-VHA, En consecuencia, en estos pacientes recomendamos su determinación previamente a la vacunación frente al VHA hasta que se introduzcan las recomendaciones actuales de vacunación generalizada de la población infantil para evitar epidemias de hepatitis A en la población general (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Prospective Studies , Chronic Disease , Hepatitis Antibodies , Hepatitis A
4.
J Infect Dis ; 177(4): 1080-3, 1998 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9534987

ABSTRACT

Seven AIDS patients who were receiving suppressive therapy for previously diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis were offered treatment with protease inhibitors (PIs). Secondary prophylaxis for CMV was discontinued after 3 months of therapy with PIs if patients had >150 CD4 cells/mm3 and a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load of <200 copies/mL and if they were negative for CMV as determined by qualitative CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ophthalmologic exams were done periodically. After a median follow-up of 9 months (range, 9-12), no new episodes of CMV retinitis were observed. CD4 cell counts were >150 cells/mm3 in all cases, HIV loads were <200 copies/mL, and results for qualitative CMV PCRs remained negative. These observations suggest that for selected patients with healed CMV retinitis who have immunologic and virologic evidence of a clinical response to potent combination antiretroviral therapy, temporary discontinuation of a chronic anti-CMV suppressive therapy may not result in further retinal necrosis. However, the long-term immunologic benefit of PIs and hence the safety of prolonged withdrawal of anti-CMV therapy is unknown.


Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/virology , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/drug therapy , Foscarnet/administration & dosage , Ganciclovir/administration & dosage , HIV Protease Inhibitors/administration & dosage , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Cytomegalovirus/genetics , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/immunology , DNA, Viral/genetics , DNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Drug Monitoring , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Foscarnet/therapeutic use , Ganciclovir/therapeutic use , HIV/immunology , HIV/isolation & purification , HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Recurrence , Viral Load
6.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 20(3): 134-7, 1997 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9162534

ABSTRACT

The Sweet syndrome or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is a well characterized cutaneous disease from a clinical and histological point of view and is frequently associated with systemic diseases. Prognosis is favorable with good response to corticoid therapy. A well documented case of Sweet syndrome associated with an outbreak of Crohn's disease with peculiar good therapeutic response is reported.


Subject(s)
Crohn Disease/complications , Sweet Syndrome/complications , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Skin/pathology , Sweet Syndrome/drug therapy , Sweet Syndrome/pathology , Time Factors
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