Gender Differences in the Correlations Between Immune Cells and Organ Damage Indexes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients.

Background: There are clear gender differences in the pathological process and outcome in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients but inflammatory responses remain clarified. Here, we aimed to analyse the correlations between inflammatory cells and organ injury parameters in AMI patients and compared between male and female groups. Methods: A total of 603 AMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 24 hours of the onset were analysed retrospectively. Basic information and hematological parameters detected 6 hours before the PCI were collected, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated. Renal, liver function indicators, and myocardial enzymes were measured. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) on days 5-7 after PCI were obtained. Western blot was performed to detect iNOS, eNOS and nNOS expression in H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes treated with IL-6 with and without estrogen and testosterone. Results: WBC, NEU, MON, MLR, CK, ALT and CREA of male patients were significantly higher than females, but FS was lower in females. NEU, MON and MLR were positively correlated with CK, CK-MB, AST, and ALT in males, whereas LYM were correlated with these parameters in female. NEU and NLR were inversely correlated with EF or FS only in female. Estrogen and testosterone reduced IL-6-induced iNOS protein expression in H9C2 cardiomyocytes, estrogen enhanced IL-6-induced nNOS protein expression. Conclusion: NEU, MON, MLR in male AMI patients, and LYM in female patients were associated with organ injury parameters. Estrogen regulation of nitric oxide pathway may mediate the protective effects in female.

[CT Image-based Surgery Assist System for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion].

At present, the standard left atrial appendage occlusion procedure mainly involves two-dimensional imaging methods such as X-ray fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography to guide the operation, which will lead to underestimation of the three dimensional structure of the left atrial appendage and the surrounding tissue, thus adversely affects the surgery. To solve this problem, a surgery assist system for left atrial appendage occlusion based on preoperative cardiac CT images is developed. The proposed system realizes the left atrial appendage parameter measurement based on cardiac CT image, and realizes the calculation of optimal delivery sheath trajectory and three-dimensional simulation of the delivery sheath movement on the basis of a novel delivery sheath trajectory model. The system is expected to provide precise guidance for left atrial appendage occlusion, improve the success rate and safety of the operation, and at the same time help reduce the difficulty of learning the operation, and facilitate the promotion of left atrial appendage occlusion.

Clinical application of NanoString fluorescent barcode technology in the molecular subtyping of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To explore the clinical application of NanoString fluorescent barcode technology in the molecular subtyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and to analyze the correlation between the cell-of-origin subtype and prognosis of patients.Methods:The tumor tissue samples of 12 patients with DLBCL at the Third People's Hospital of Datong of Shanxi Province and 8 patients with DLBCL at Peking University, Health Science Center between January 2014 and December 2019 were collected. According to Hans algorithm, all patients were divided into 1 case of germinal center-derived B-cell (GCB) type and 19 cases of non-GCB type. NanoString platform was used to analyze the expression level differences of 15 genes-related to Lymph2Cx molecular subtyping of all samples at mRNA level. Hierarchical clustering was used to subgroup 20 DLBCL cases and to contrast the prognosis in different subgroups according to the subtyping.Results:NanoString fluorescent barcode technology was used to detect samples of 20 DLBCL cases and hierarchical clustering analysis was performed, and then subtyping results showed that 11 cases were GCB-like type and 9 cases were activated B cell (ABC)-like type. Based on Hans algorithm, 10 GCB-like cases were non-GCB type. According to the survival analysis, GCB-like group had a better overall survival compared with that in ABC-like group ( P=0.019). Conclusion:NanoString fluorescent barcode technology can be successfully applied to the cell-of-origin subtyping of DLBCL, and the molecular subtyping strategy can effectively predict the prognosis of patients.

Hepcidin Gene Cloning and Expression Pattern in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) after Vibrio. anguillarum Infection.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial peptides play crucial roles in organisms as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. OBJECTIVE: To isolate the hepcidin (hepc1) gene from the liver of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) challenged with Vibrio anguillarum (GenBank accession number: AM113708), characterize it, and assess its expression level in various tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The DNA sequence of hepcidin from S. maximus was determined from the total RNA extracted and reverse transcribed from this fish. The expression levels of tissue-specific hepcidin transcripts were determined using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reactions. RESULTS: Hepcidin levels increased in the livers, head kidneys and spleens of the fish. The transcriptional increase was especially noticeable in the liver after bacterial infection commencement. The presence of hepcidin and interleukin-beta (IL-1ß) in blood leukocytes was compared at the transcription level and hepcidin transcripts were detected earlier than IL-1ß transcripts after infection, indicating that hepcidin might serve as the first line of defense to kill bacteria and may also play a more direct and effective role than that of IL-1ß during the initial stage of the innate immune response when turbot are exposed to bacteria invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Hepcidin might serve as the first line of defense to kill bacteria and may also play a more direct and effective role than that of IL-1ß during the initial stage of the innate immune response when turbot are exposed to bacteria invasion.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of myocardial damage and cardiac dysfunction in acute coronary syndrome patients.

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is established to correlate with the morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients. We aimed to define the severity of inflammation (NLR) by observing the association of NLR with cardiac functions or myocardial damage parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Data from 715 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 72 hours of incidence in 2016 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: The NLR ranges from 0.50 to 46 (medium ± SD, 2.76 ± 2.96) in 715 patients. NLR positively correlated with myocardial damage (NLR vs. CK-mB: p < 0.0001) but negatively correlated with myocardial function (NLR vs. EF: p < 0.0001; NLR vs. FS: p < 0.0001). Myocardial damage markers (CK, CK-mB, ASL, LDH) were significantly increased, and cardiac contractile parameters (EF and FS) were reduced at NLR > 2.76 compared to those of NLR < 2.76. ELISA analysis has shown that IL-10 was significantly increased when NLR ≥ 4.6 and TGF-ß was increased at NLR > 4. The correlation was diminished between NLR and CK-mB at NLR > 2.76 or at NLR > 4, but that of NLR and EF or FS was maintained in NLR > 2.76 and at NLR > 4. EF and FS were comparable between NLR > 2.76 and NLR > 4. But myocardial damage parameters increased significantly at NLR > 4 compared to those of NLR > 2.76. CONCLUSION: NLR is a strong predictor of myocardial damage in acute myocardial patients. High NLR are associated with myocardial dysfunction in all the patients. Severe inflammation (NLR) can predict the consequence of the heart in patients with coronary syndrome.

Study on the relationship between protein expression and gene abnormalities of myc, bcl-2 and bcl-6in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To study the frequency of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with multi-genetic alteration, and its correlation with c-myc, bcl-2 and bcl-6 protein expression. Methods 50 cases diagnosed with DLBCL from January 2012 to December 2016 were collected. The expression of c-myc, bcl-2 and bcl-6 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) analysis was performed to identify the genetic alteration of c-myc, bcl-2 and bcl-6. Results In all cases, there were 27 males and 23 females with a median age of 50 years (range: 3-85 years). 23 (46.00 %) cases were defined as primary nodal DLBCL and 27 (54.00 %) cases were primary extra-nodal DLBCL, with gastrointestinal tract (48.15 %, 13/27) being the most common site of involvement. c-myc protein expression was detected in 94.00 % (47/50) cases, in which 82.00 % (41/47) cases exhibited high levels of c-myc expression with positive nuclear staining observed in over 40.00 % of tumor cells. The positive rate of bcl-2 protein was 84.00 % (42/50), 76 % (38/50) cases presented with high-level bcl-2 expression. Concurrent high expression of c-myc and bcl-2 were presented in 18 cases (36.00%). FISH analysis demonstrated c-myc gene rearrangement in 7 cases (14.00 %) and amplification in 2 cases (4.00 %). bcl-2 gene rearrangement was detected in 6 cases (12.00 %) and 4 cases (8.00 %) exhibited gene amplification. bcl-6 gene rearrangement was identified in 8 cases (16.00%), amplification in 3 cases (6.00%), and 1 case concomitantly harbored the rearrangement and amplification of bcl-6. Multi-genetic alterations were defined in 4 cases with 3 cases fulfilling the criteria for double-hit lymphoma (DHL) and 1 case for triple-hit lymphoma (THL). For the cases with concomitant high-level expression of c-myc and bcl-2 proteins, 3 cases (16.67 %) was detected with multi-genetic alterations, including 2 cases for DHL and 1 case for THL. Conclusions The proportion of DLBCL with multi-genetic alterations is 8.00 % in this study. The genetic alterations are not consistently correlated with the protein expression. The molecular genetic testing is reliable for the identification of DHL.